British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Gastric emptying: a study to compare the effects of intrathecal morphine and i.m. papaveretum analgesia.
Gastric emptying was studied in two groups of 10 patients who underwent elective cholecystectomy. The groups were comparable for age, weight and duration of operation. ⋯ Control gastric emptying rates were not significantly different in the two groups (mean +/- SD: A = 76.6 +/- 23.0 ml; B = 81.8 +/- 16.3 ml in 30 min). After surgery, gastric emptying was significantly greater in group A (42.9 +/- 35.6 ml) than in group B (11.0 +/- 27.9 ml) (P less than 0.05).
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Comparative Study
Pharmacokinetics of alfentanil in children undergoing surgery.
Alfentanil pharmacokinetics and protein binding were determined in 20 children aged 10 months-6.5 yr. The data were compared with those from 10 adult patients. ⋯ The degree of plasma protein binding was also similar in children and adults with mean free fractions of 11.5 +/- 0.9% (+/- SD) and 11.8 +/- 3.9%, respectively. There were marked differences in the elimination half-life of alfentanil (63 +/- 24 min in children; 95 +/- 20 min in adults (P less than 0.001] and plasma clearance of alfentanil (11.1 +/- 3.9 ml min-1 kg-1 in children and 5.9 +/- 1.6 ml min-1 kg-1 in adults (P less than 0.001].
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Twenty patients with severe pregnancy induced (PIH) or pregnancy aggravated (PAH) hypertension, undergoing general anaesthesia for Caesarean section were studied. All patients received a standard anaesthetic technique designed to control the potentially dangerous, reflex cardiovascular instability associated with laryngoscopy. The average increase in systolic arterial pressure (SAP) was 56.4 mm Hg following laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.