British journal of anaesthesia
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Bilateral pleural effusions occurred after total parenteral nutrition was administered via a left internal jugular venous line. The most likely explanation for the fluid passage into both pleural cavities was migration of the tip of the catheter from within the vein into the mediastinum. Fluid can pass into both pleural cavities via anatomical communications, yet to be described, which exist between the two pleural cavities.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of ocular microtremor and bispectral index during sevoflurane anaesthesia.
A practical and reliable monitor of depth of anaesthesia would be a major advance on current clinical practice. None of the present monitors is both simple to use and accurate. Ocular microtremor (OMT) is a physiological tremor that is suppressed by propofol in a dose-dependent manner. We studied OMT during propofol induction and nitrous oxide-oxygen-sevoflurane maintenance of anaesthesia in 30 patients, and compared OMT with the bispectral index (BIS) as a predictor of response to verbal command. ⋯ OMT is suppressed by sevoflurane and accurately predicts response to verbal command. OMT may be a useful monitor of depth of hypnosis.
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Although almost inert chemically, xenon is not unreactive biologically. It interacts with receptors involved in the expression of cytokines and adhesion molecules. The effect of xenon on the immune function in whole blood has not been studied. ⋯ In an isolated CPB system, xenon and oxygen-enriched air had similar effects on cytokine production and expression of adhesion molecules.