British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Comparison of caudal and intravenous clonidine in the prevention of agitation after sevoflurane in children.
In children, sevoflurane anaesthesia is associated with postanaesthetic agitation, which is treated mainly with opioids. We compared the effectiveness of epidural and i.v. clonidine in the prevention of this postanaesthetic agitation. ⋯ Clonidine 3 micrograms kg-1 prevented agitation after sevoflurane anaesthesia, independently of the route of administration. The effect of clonidine appears to be dose-dependent, as an epidural dose of 1 microgram kg-1 failed to reduce it.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
ProSeal versus the Classic laryngeal mask airway for positive pressure ventilation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
We tested the hypothesis that the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) is a more effective ventilatory device than the Classic laryngeal mask airway (LMA) for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. ⋯ The PLMA is a more effective ventilatory device for laparoscopic cholecystectomy than the LMA. We do not recommend the use of the LMA for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of the effects of sevoflurane and propofol on cortical somatosensory evoked potentials.
Propofol (P) and sevoflurane (S) are potential anaesthetic agents if electrophysiological monitoring is required during spinal surgery. They allow rapid recovery and do not depress cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) as much as other agents. The effects of these agents on SSEP have not been compared before. ⋯ Sevoflurane affected SSEP recordings in a dose-dependent fashion. Propofol had a minimal effect on SSEP recordings.
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Sevoflurane protects the heart against reperfusion injury even after cardioplegic arrest. This protection may depend on the cardioplegic solution. Therefore, we investigated the effect of sevoflurane on myocardial reperfusion injury after cardioplegic arrest with University of Wisconsin solution (UW), Bretschneider's cardioplegia (HTK), and St Thomas' Hospital solution (STH). ⋯ We conclude, that the protection against reperfusion injury offered by sevoflurane is independent of the three cardioplegic solutions used.
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Phosphodiesterase III inhibitors increase myocardial contractility and decrease left ventricular (LV) afterload. We studied whether these effects altered LV response to an increase in cardiac load and affected length-dependent regulation of myocardial function. ⋯ This suggests that milrinone improved contraction, reduced the load dependency of LV pressure decrease, and reduced the change in EDP after leg elevation.