British journal of anaesthesia
-
The addition of helium to the inspired gas may facilitate ventilation in the presence of clinically evident upper airway obstruction. However, there are no data on the effects of using a helium-oxygen mixture during high frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) in upper airway obstruction. ⋯ Using 50% helium-oxygen during HFJV in the presence of airway stenosis allows an 18% increase in minute volume at generated airway pressures which are the same as or lower than those when using 100% oxygen.
-
We tested the hypothesis that isoflurane induces late preconditioning in cultured rat cortical neurones and preconditioning elicits changes in expression of Kir6.2 (the ion-conducting subunit of the metabolically responsive ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel) and EAAC1 (neuronal glutamate transporter). ⋯ Isoflurane induced late preconditioning in cultured rat cortical neurones. Ischaemic and pharmacological preconditioning with diazoxide and isoflurane induced ischaemic tolerance in the cultured neurones via mitoK(ATP) channels without an increase in Kir6.2 expression, and induced upregulation of EAAC1 expression.
-
Comparative Study
Comparison of electrical velocimetry and transoesophageal Doppler echocardiography for measuring stroke volume and cardiac output.
Impedance cardiography (ICG) has been used extensively to estimate stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) from changes of thoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB). However, studies comparing ICG with reference methods have questioned the reliability of this approach. Electrical velocimetry (EV) provides a new algorithm to calculate CO from variations in TEB. As the transoesophageal Doppler echocardiographic quantification of CO (TOE-CO) has emerged as a reliable method, the purpose of this study was to determine the limits of agreement between CO estimations using EV (EV-CO) and TOE-CO. ⋯ The agreement between EV-CO and TOE-CO is clinically acceptable, and these two techniques can be used interchangeably.