British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion on emergence agitation and quality of recovery after nasal surgery.
Emergence agitation is common after nasal surgery. We investigated the effects of intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion on emergence agitation and quality of recovery after nasal surgery in adult patients. ⋯ Intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine provided smooth and haemodynamically stable emergence. It also improved quality of recovery after nasal surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of the neutral and retracted shoulder positions for infraclavicular subclavian venous catheterization: a randomized, non-inferiority trial.
There are controversies regarding the most efficient shoulder position during infraclavicular subclavian venous catheterization. We hypothesized that, regarding the success rate of subclavian venous catheterization, the neutral shoulder position would not be inferior to the retracted shoulder position. ⋯ ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01368692.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Single-cuff forearm tourniquet in intravenous regional anaesthesia results in less pain and fewer sedation requirements than upper arm tourniquet.
A limitation of Bier's block or i.v. regional anaesthesia (IVRA) is tourniquet pain. We hypothesized that tourniquet placement on the forearm vs upper arm during IVRA for distal upper extremity surgery may result in less tourniquet pain, lower the need for analgesic interventions, and decrease post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) admission. ⋯ Our results indicate that the placement of the tourniquet on the forearm resulted in less discomfort, fewer sedation interventions, and greater likelihood of bypassing the PACU when compared with upper arm tourniquet.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Local infiltration analgesia for total knee arthroplasty: should ketorolac be added?
Adequate postoperative analgesia with minimal side-effects is essential for early mobilization and recovery in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). High-volume local infiltration analgesia (LIA) with ropivacaine has been introduced, but effects of adjuvants are still debated. We tested the hypothesis that the addition of ketorolac to LIA significantly improves analgesia after TKA. ⋯ LIA with ketorolac results in reduced morphine consumption, reduced pain intensity, and earlier readiness for hospital discharge.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Oral choline supplementation for postoperative pain.
Activation of nicotinic receptors with nicotine has been shown to reduce post-surgical pain in clinical and preclinical studies. Choline is a selective agonist at α7-type nicotinic receptors that does not have addictive or sympathetic activating properties. It is anti-nociceptive in animal studies. We conducted a double-blind randomized trial of oral choline supplementation with lecithin to aid in the treatment of pain after gynaecological surgery. ⋯ Oral supplementation with lecithin during the perioperative period resulted in very slow absorption and thus only a small increase in plasma choline was achieved. This concentration was inadequate to reduce TNF as has been shown in other studies. The absence of an anti-inflammatory effect was likely related to our failure to demonstrate efficacy in pain reduction.