British journal of anaesthesia
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Superimposed high-frequency jet ventilation (SHFJV) has proved to be safe and effective in clinical practice. However, it is unclear which frequency range optimizes ventilation and gas exchange. The aim of this study was to systematically compare high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) with HFJV by assessing chest wall volume variations (ΔEEV(CW)) and gas exchange in relation to variable high frequency. ⋯ In a porcine model, SHFJV was more effective in increasing end-expiratory volume than single-frequency HFJV, but both modes may provide adequate ventilation in the absence of airway obstruction and respiratory disease, except for HFJV at frequencies ≥300 min(-1).
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Central nervous system penetration of oxycodone after intravenous and epidural administration.
Despite being increasingly used for pain management, only two studies, with controversial results, have evaluated the epidural use of oxycodone. ⋯ EudraCT reference number: 2011-000125-76.
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Many preoperative fasting guidelines suggest that hot tea or coffee with milk added should be considered similar to solid food, allowing an interval of 6 h before commencing anaesthesia. There is little evidence to support these instructions, with recent guidelines undecided on the issue. This study aimed to establish whether there was a clinically significant delay in gastric emptying associated with adding a modest amount of milk to tea. ⋯ This study demonstrated no difference in gastric emptying times when a modest amount of milk was added to tea. These findings suggest that it may be acceptable to allow patients to add a small quantity of milk to their tea or coffee and follow the same fasting restrictions applied to clear fluids.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Earplugs and eye masks vs routine care prevent sleep impairment in post-anaesthesia care unit: a randomized study.
Post-anaesthesia care units (PACUs) with 24/7 activity and consequently artificial light and noise may disturb the sleep of patients who require prolonged medical supervision. After one postoperative night, we compared sleep quality in patients with and without noise (earplug) and light (eye mask) protection. ⋯ Earplugs and eye masks applied in the PACU during the first postoperative night significantly preserve sleep quality. Such non-invasive and cheap devices may be generalized in the PACU or in intensive care units.