British journal of anaesthesia
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Comparative Study
Xenon decreases cell migration and secretion of a pro-angiogenesis factor in breast adenocarcinoma cells: comparison with sevoflurane.
While volatile agents have been implicated in metastasis-enhancing effects on cancer cells, the effects of xenon are unknown. We investigated xenon- and sevoflurane-mediated effects on migration and expression of angiogenesis biomarkers in human breast adenocarcinoma cells. ⋯ Xenon, but not sevoflurane, inhibited migration in both oestrogen receptor positive and negative breast adenocarcinoma cells. Furthermore, xenon decreased release of the pro-angiogenic factor RANTES from MDA-MB-231 cells.
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We and others have previously demonstrated that the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) is overexpressed in several human malignancies. There is a seven-fold increase in MOR in cell lines of human lung cancer. In animal models, overexpression of MOR promotes tumour growth and metastasis. We, therefore, examined whether MOR expression is increased in metastatic lung cancer. ⋯ The association between the expression of MOR and the progression of the tumour is consistent with the hypothesis of a direct effect of MOR on cancer progression.
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Metastatic breast and colon cancer cells express neonatal and adult splice variants of NaV1.5 voltage-activated Na(+) channels (VASCs). Block of VASCs inhibits cell invasion. Local anaesthetics used during surgical tumour excision inhibit VASC activity on nociceptive neurones providing regional anaesthesia. Inhibition of VASCs on circulating metastatic cancer cells may also be beneficial during the perioperative period. However, ropivacaine, frequently used to provide analgesia during tumour resection, has not been tested on colon cancer cell VASC function or invasion. ⋯ Ropivacaine is a potent inhibitor of both NaV1.5 channel activity and metastatic colon cancer cell invasion, which may be beneficial during surgical colon cancer excision.
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An association between the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and better outcome after mastectomy and lung surgery for cancer has been recently suggested. In a retrospective analysis, we investigated the association between intraoperative NSAIDs use in conservative breast cancer surgery and breast cancer disease-free survival (DFS). Similarly, we also evaluated the association between breast cancer DFS and preoperative neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR). ⋯ Intraoperative NSAIDs and higher preoperative NLR are associated with improved outcome in conservative breast cancer surgery. Prospective, randomized trials to evaluate if these associations are causal are warranted.
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Evidence suggests that opioid-sparing anaesthetic techniques might be associated with increased cancer-free postoperative survival. This could be related to suppression of natural killer cells by opioid analgesics in the perioperative period. This retrospective analysis tested the hypothesis that greater opioid use in the postoperative period is associated with a higher incidence of recurrences after surgery for lung cancer. ⋯ This retrospective analysis suggests an association between increased doses of opioids during the initial 96 h postoperative period with a higher recurrence rate of NSCLC within 5 yr.