British journal of anaesthesia
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The supramammillary nucleus (SuM), located in the caudal hypothalamus, includes wake-promoting glutamatergic neurones. Their potential role in regulating states of consciousness during general anaesthesia remains unknown. ⋯ Activation of SuMVglut2 neurones or the glutamatergic septo-supramammillary circuit induces behavioural arousal and cortical activation during sevoflurane anaesthesia.