British journal of anaesthesia
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Little is known about the turnover of crystalloid fluids infused in patients with acute systemic inflammation. We hypothesised that systemic inflammation would be associated with altered distribution and elimination of Ringer's lactate solution (volume kinetics). ⋯ ChiCTR-IOR-15006063.
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Near-infrared spectroscopy, a non-invasive technique for monitoring cerebral oxygenation, is widely used, but its accuracy is questioned because of the possibility of extra-cranial contamination. Ultrasound-tagged near-infrared spectroscopy (UT-NIRS) has been proposed as an improvement over previous methods. We investigated UT-NIRS in healthy volunteers and in brain-dead patients. ⋯ In brain-dead patients, where CBF is absent, the UT-NIRS findings can indicate an apparently perfused brain. This might reflect an insufficient separation of signals from extra-cranial structures from a genuine appraisal of cerebral perfusion. For non-invasive assessment of CBF-related parameters, the near-infrared spectroscopy still needs substantial improvement.
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Surgery or multiple procedural interventions in extremely preterm neonates influence neurodevelopmental outcome and may be associated with long-term changes in somatosensory function or pain response. ⋯ After preterm birth and neonatal surgery, different patterns of generalised and local scar-related alterations in somatosensory function persist into early adulthood. Sex-dependent changes in generalised sensitivity may reflect central modulation by affective circuits. Early life experience and sex/gender should be considered when evaluating somatosensory function, pain experience, or future chronic pain risk.