International journal of clinical practice
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Oct 2021
ReviewFrequency, signs and symptoms, and criteria adopted for long COVID: a systematic review.
To identify, systematically evaluate and summarise the best available evidence on the frequency of long COVID-19 (post-acute COVID-19 syndrome), its clinical manifestations, and the criteria used for diagnosis. ⋯ The frequency of long COVID-19 reached up to 80% over the studies included and occurred between 3 and 24 weeks after acute phase or hospital discharge. Chest pain, fatigue, dyspnea, and cough were the most reported clinical manifestations attributed to the condition. Based on these systematic review findings, there is an urgent need to understand this emerging, complex and challenging medical condition. Proposals for diagnostic criteria and standard terminology are welcome.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Oct 2021
ReviewNatriuretic Peptide Release during Exercise in Patients with Valvular Heart Disease: a Systematic Review.
Serum biomarkers have a potential role in the risk stratification of patients with heart valve disease and may help determine the optimal timing of intervention. Much of the published literature relates to biomarker sampling in a resting state, but the relationship of exercise biomarkers is less well described. We performed a systematic review to examine the significance of exercise natriuretic peptides on echocardiographic variables and cardiovascular events, in valvular heart disease. ⋯ The results suggesting that exercise natriuretic peptide levels may have additive prognostic importance over resting levels, as well as demographic and echocardiographic data.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Oct 2021
Review Meta AnalysisGlycemic index, but not glycemic load, is associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome: meta-analysis of observational studies.
Diets with high glycemic index (GI) or high glycemic load (GL) have been linked to important risk factors associated with the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), such as dyslipidemia, higher blood glucose, and insulin concentrations. However, the role of GI and GL in relation to Mets is still understudied and controversial. This review, therefore, assessed whether high GI or GL contribute to development of Mets. ⋯ A diet with lower GI may protect against MetS. Nutrition policy and clinical practices should encourage a diet with low GI. Future studies should include both GI and GL and different criteria of MetS to provide a better comparison.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Oct 2021
Review Meta AnalysisA Systematic Review and Meta-analysis to Determine the Effect of Oral Anticoagulants on Incidence of Dementia in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.
To assess the effect of oral anticoagulant (OAC) administration on incidence of dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with Systematic review and meta-analysis. ⋯ This study indicated the protective effect of OAC therapy for dementia in patients with AF. However, the results are limited because of high heterogeneity, inconsistent direction of effect in subgroup analysis with an observational window. Further prospective well-designed study is needed with longer follow-up duration in younger patients.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Oct 2021
Meta AnalysisSpirulina Supplementation as an Adjuvant Therapy in Enhancement of Antioxidant Capacity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials.
Spirulina, a type of blue-green algae, is used as an adjuvant treatment of metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Evidence about the effects of spirulina on antioxidant system are conflicting. Thus, this quantitative review aimed to summarise the effects of spirulina administration on antioxidant status biomarkers. ⋯ Spirulina consumption may exert beneficial effects on enhancement of antioxidant system. A marginal significant increasing effect on TAC and SOD activity were found by spirulina administration. However, it did not affect GPx activity.