Medical image analysis
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Medical image analysis · Oct 2006
Adaptive Markov modeling for mutual-information-based, unsupervised MRI brain-tissue classification.
This paper presents a novel method for brain-tissue classification in magnetic resonance (MR) images that relies on a very general, adaptive statistical model of image neighborhoods. The method models MR-tissue intensities as derived from stationary random fields. It models the associated Markov statistics nonparametrically via a data-driven strategy. ⋯ It automatically tunes its important internal parameters based on the information content of the data. Combined with an atlas-based initialization, it is completely automatic. Experiments on real, simulated, and multimodal data demonstrate the advantages of the method over the current state-of-the-art.
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Medical image analysis · Oct 2006
Fiber tract-oriented statistics for quantitative diffusion tensor MRI analysis.
Quantitative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has become the major imaging modality to study properties of white matter and the geometry of fiber tracts of the human brain. Clinical studies mostly focus on regional statistics of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) derived from tensors. Existing analysis techniques do not sufficiently take into account that the measurements are tensors, and thus require proper interpolation and statistics of tensors, and that regions of interest are fiber tracts with complex spatial geometry. ⋯ As a result, tracts of interest are represented by the geometry of the medial spine attributed with tensor statistics (average and variance) calculated within cross-sections. Feasibility of our approach is demonstrated on various fiber tracts of a single data set. A validation study, based on six repeated scans of the same subject, assesses the reproducibility of this new DTI data analysis framework.
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Medical image analysis · Oct 2006
Deformable registration of brain tumor images via a statistical model of tumor-induced deformation.
An approach to the deformable registration of three-dimensional brain tumor images to a normal brain atlas is presented. The approach involves the integration of three components: a biomechanical model of tumor mass-effect, a statistical approach to estimate the model's parameters, and a deformable image registration method. Statistical properties of the sought deformation map from the atlas to the image of a tumor patient are first obtained through tumor mass-effect simulations on normal brain images. ⋯ For a new tumor case, a partial observation of the sought deformation map is obtained via deformable image registration and is decomposed into the aforementioned spaces in order to estimate the mass-effect model parameters. Using this estimate, a simulation of tumor mass-effect is performed on the atlas image in order to generate an image that is similar to tumor patient's image, thereby facilitating the atlas registration process. Results for a real tumor case and a number of simulated tumor cases indicate significant reduction in the registration error due to the presented approach as compared to the direct use of deformable image registration.
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Medical image analysis · Oct 2006
Deformable registration of diffusion tensor MR images with explicit orientation optimization.
In this paper, we present a novel deformable registration algorithm for diffusion tensor MR images that enables explicit optimization of tensor reorientation. The optimization seeks a piecewise affine transformation that divides the image domain into uniform regions and transform each region affinely. The objective function captures both the image similarity and the smoothness of the transformation across region boundaries. ⋯ The optimal transformation is hierarchically refined in a subdivision framework. A comparison with affine registration for inter-subject normalization of 8 subjects shows that the proposed algorithm improves the alignment of several major white matter structures examined: the anterior thalamic radiations, the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi, the corticospinal/corticobulbar tracts and the genu and the splenium of the corpus callosum. The alignment of white matter structures is assessed using a novel scheme of computing distances between the corresponding fiber bundles derived from tractography.
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This paper presents an original non-rigid image registration approach, which tends to improve the registration by establishing a symmetric image interdependence. In order to gather more information about the image transformation it measures the image similarity in both registration directions. The presented solution is based on the interaction between the images involved in the registration process. ⋯ These forces may transform both of the images, although in our implementation one of the images remains fixed. The experiments performed to demonstrate the advantages of the symmetric registration approach involve the registration of simple objects, the recovery of synthetic deformation, and the inter-patient registration of real images of the head. The results show that the symmetric approach improves both the registration consistency and the registration correctness.