Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics
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Pulm Pharmacol Ther · Feb 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyAcute cardiovascular safety of two formulations of beclometasone dipropionate/formoterol fumarate in COPD patients: A single-dose, randomised, placebo-controlled crossover study.
An extrafine combination of beclometasone dipropionate (BDP) and formoterol fumarate (FF) via a pressurised metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) has been commercially available for some years for the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation of extrafine BDP/FF is now also available. This study evaluated the cardiovascular safety of BDP/FF DPI in comparison to BDP/FF pMDI and placebo. ⋯ Overall, this study provides reassurance over the cardiovascular safety of extrafine BDP/FF, both in a DPI and a pMDI formulation.
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Pulm Pharmacol Ther · Dec 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyAssessment of the efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate and salmeterol delivered as a combination dry powder via a capsule-based inhaler and a multi-dose inhaler in patients with asthma.
In developing countries, there is a need for access to affordable inhaled respiratory medicines. This study tested the clinical non-inferiority of fluticasone propionate/salmeterol combination (FSC) 50/250 μg Rotacaps®/Rotahaler® compared with FSC 50/250 μg Diskus®. ⋯ This study demonstrated the clinical non-inferiority of FSC 50/250 μg when administered using Rotacaps/Rotahaler compared with administration using Diskus in patients with asthma, and suggests there is no difference in the risk:benefit profile between the two FSC inhalers.
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Pulm Pharmacol Ther · Oct 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialEfficacy of tranexamic acid in haemoptysis: A randomized, controlled pilot study.
Haemoptysis is a life threatening condition irrespective of aetiology. Tranexamic acid (TA), a potent anti-fibrinolytic agent, has been shown to control bleeding, decrease transfusion requirement in knee & hip arthroplasty, coronary artery bypass grafting and heavy menstrual bleeding. TA also has mortality benefit in bleeding from surgical and trauma patients. But the studies, regarding efficacy and safety of TA in controlling haemoptysis are conflicting. ⋯ TA decreases severity of haemoptysis and can be used as a bridging therapy in acute haemoptysis before definitive intervention can be under taken.
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Pulm Pharmacol Ther · Oct 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialAntitussive effect of carcainium chloride in patients with chronic cough and idiopathic interstitial pneumonias: A pilot study.
Cough is a common presenting symptom in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP); it is often disabling, and lacks effective treatment. Studies in animals suggest that carcainium chloride, a quaternary derivative of the local anesthetic lidocaine, is able to inhibit experimentally induced cough by a mechanism of action distinct from that of lidocaine. ⋯ The results of this exploratory study indicate that nebulised VRP700 improved cough and quality of life in hospitalised IIP patients with no significant side effects. A larger trial is warranted to assess these promising results.
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Pulm Pharmacol Ther · Apr 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of early effects of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy with fluticasone furoate/vilanterol for asthma patients requiring step-up from inhaled corticosteroid monotherapy.
If asthma patients fail to achieve symptom control using a medium dose of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) alone, addition of a long-acting β2 agonist (LABA) is the preferred treatment. Currently, there are several combinations of ICS/LABA that are available, each of which has a different property. Here, we aimed to compare the early effects of budesonide/formoterol (BUD/FM; Symbicort(®)) for maintenance and reliever therapy (SMART) with a fixed dose of fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (FF/VI; Relvar(®)). ⋯ As compared with the FF/VI group, the SMART group achieved a greater improvement in FeNO, small airway parameters regarding IOS and ACQ score, in patients with airway inflammation and uncontrolled symptoms treated with a medium dose of ICS alone. In this 4-week study, these two ICS/LABA combination therapies showed different treatment outcomes; they must be investigated further to clarify suitable patient characters and the long term efficacies for each combination.