Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics
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Pulm Pharmacol Ther · Aug 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of long-acting bronchodilators and prednisolone on inspiratory lung function parameters in stable COPD.
In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there is a poor correlation between forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and dyspnea following bronchodilator use. Better correlations have been observed between inspiratory lung function parameters (ILPs) and dyspnea, which drives our interest in ILPs. However, the acute and prolonged effects of long-acting bronchodilators and oral corticosteroids on ILPs have not been well investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these treatments on the ILPs, FEV1, dyspnea (visual analog scale (VAS)) and clinical COPD questionnaire (CCQ). ⋯ After a single dose of long-acting bronchodilator salmeterol, significant improvements are observed in all ILPs and in FIV1 and PIF after tiotropium. Two weeks of oral corticosteroid treatment improved the FIV1 and FEV1. The dyspnea VAS score was only significantly correlated with the ILPs after 2 weeks of oral corticosteroid treatment.
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Pulm Pharmacol Ther · Apr 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of two systemic steroid regimens for the treatment of COPD exacerbations.
Systemic steroids shorten recovery time, improve lung function and hypoxemia in COPD exacerbations. Although several studies have shown that both parenteral and oral steroids are effective and GOLD guideline recommends use of oral steroids at a dose of 30-40 mg/day, very little data exists as to whether any route of admininstration (parenteral vs oral) or any dose is more effective and/or safer. ⋯ These data show that oral administration of MP at a dose 32 mg/day for seven days significantly improves lung function, symptom scores and oxygenation in patients admitted to the hospital for COPD exacerbation and is as effective as and possibly safer than parenteral admininistration of higher doses.
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Pulm Pharmacol Ther · Feb 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialEffectiveness of 0.05% oxymetazoline (Vicks Sinex Micromist®) nasal spray in the treatment of objective nasal congestion demonstrated to 12 h post-administration by magnetic resonance imaging.
This study aimed to assess the qualitative and quantitative utility of MRI imaging to illustrate the magnitude and duration of the effect of a standard 100 μg dose of oxymetazoline in a commercially available formulation that also contains aromatic oils. ⋯ This study showed that MRI assessment of nasal congestion in human volunteers is a robust, repeatable and viable measurement technique. The application of a 100 μg Vicks Sinex Micromist(®) nasal decongestant (0.05% oxymetazoline solution) delivered a highly significant reduction in inferior and middle turbinate volumes compared with the application of a control, measurable by the MRI method up to and including a 12 h post-dose scan.
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Pulm Pharmacol Ther · Oct 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyPrulifloxacin versus levofloxacin in the treatment of severe COPD patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.
Antimicrobial therapy of chronic bronchitis exacerbations in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is based on empiric antibiotic treatment. ⋯ Both prulifloxacin and levofloxacin showed efficacy rates higher than 90% in the treatment of severe COPD patients with exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, with no statistically significant differences between the two antibiotics. The long-term follow-up confirmed a very low incidence of relapse, endorsing the appropriateness of this therapeutic approach. EUDRACT no. 2006-004167-56.
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Pulm Pharmacol Ther · Oct 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudySafety and tolerability of the inhaled phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor GSK256066 in moderate COPD.
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) represents an approach to anti-inflammatory therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). GSK256066 is a potent and selective inhaled PDE4 inhibitor. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and tolerability of 28 days repeat inhaled dosing with GSK256066 in moderate COPD. ⋯ Administration of inhaled GSK256066 was well-tolerated in patients with moderate COPD. Further studies would be required to confirm the favorable safety profile and to demonstrate clinical efficacy of this compound. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00549679).