European journal of pain : EJP
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Efficacy and safety of nicoboxil/nonivamide ointment for the treatment of acute pain in the low back - A randomized, controlled trial.
Until now, nonivamide/nicoboxil ointment has not been tested in a randomized trial for the treatment of acute non-specific low back pain. ⋯ Nicoboxil/nonivamide ointment is an effective, well-tolerated medication for the treatment of acute non-specific low back pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Factors associated with pain and disability reduction following exercise interventions in chronic whiplash.
Some studies support the prescription of exercise for people with whiplash-associated disorders (WAD); however, the response is highly variable. Further research is necessary to identify factors which predict response. ⋯ Factors associated with treatment response after exercise interventions differ in the short and long term and differ depending on whether neck pain or disability is considered as the primary outcome. Participation in a neck-specific exercise intervention, in contrast to general physical activity, was the only factor that consistently indicated higher odds of treatment success. These results support the prescription of neck-specific exercise for individuals with chronic WAD.
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Pain and sensory abnormalities are present in a large proportion of Parkinson disease (PD) patients and have a significant negative impact in quality of life. It remains undetermined whether pain occurs secondary to motor impairment and to which extent it can be relieved by improvement of motor symptoms. The aim of this review was to examine the current knowledge on the mechanisms behind sensory changes and pain in PD and to assess the modulatory effects of motor treatment on these sensory abnormalities. ⋯ However, there is no direct correlation between sensory/pain changes and motor improvement, suggesting that motor and non-motor symptoms do not necessarily share the same mechanisms. Whether dopamine and DBS have a real antinociceptive effect or simply a modulatory effect in pain perception remain uncertain. These data may provide useful insights into a mechanism-based approach to pain in PD, pointing out the role of the dopaminergic system in pain perception and the importance of the characterization of different pain syndromes related to PD before specific treatment can be instituted.
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Tension-type headache (TTH) imposes a heavy burden on the global population but remains incompletely understood and poorly managed. ⋯ Muscular factors play an important role in episodic TTH. Ibuprofen 400 mg and aspirin 1000 mg are recommended as drugs of first choice.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
'Virtual lesion' in pain research; a study on magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex.
'Virtual lesion' ('VL') is a transient disruption of cortical activity during task performance. It can be induced by single pulses or short trains of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) directed to functionally relevant brain areas. We applied 'VL' methodology of a short train of TMS given on top of experimental tonic pain, expecting to see changes in pain scores. ⋯ This study indicates that interactions between cortical excitability of the motor cortex and nociceptive processing may be gender-related.