European journal of pain : EJP
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Watching your pain site reduces pain intensity in chronic back pain patients.
Chronic back pain (CBP) is a frequent debilitating and often treatment-resistant disorder. The awareness of one's own body seems to be essential in pain reduction through visual input. Visual feedback of the back reduces experimental pain perception in CBP at this site and watching the back during repeated lumbar spine movements reduces movement-evoked pain. In this study, we tested whether visual feedback alone can reduce habitual pain in CBP. ⋯ These results suggest that online video feedback may be helpful in alleviating chronic pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Processes of change in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Applied Relaxation for long-standing pain.
The utility of cognitive behavioural (CB) interventions for chronic pain has been supported in numerous studies. This includes Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), which has gained increased empirical support. Previous research suggests that improvements in pain catastrophizing and psychological inflexibility are related to improvements in treatment outcome in this type of treatment. Although a few studies have evaluated processes of change in CB-interventions, there is a particular need for mediation analyses that use multiple assessments to model change in mediators and outcome over time, and that incorporate the specified timeline between mediator and outcome in the data analytic model. ⋯ Results add to previous findings illustrating the role of psychological inflexibility as a mediator in ACT.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Treating youth in pain: Comparing tailored behavioural medicine treatment provided by physical therapists in primary care with physical exercises.
To study the efficacy of tailored behavioural medicine treatment within a physical therapy framework. ⋯ In this study, differences between tailored behavioural medicine treatment delivered by PTs and exercise-based treatment could not be demonstrated, although the effect size was large. Patients who received either treatment demonstrated significant changes over time in pain-related disability. The low number of participants and suboptimal tailoring of the psychological components may partly explain the failure to demonstrate differences between groups, and future studies are warranted.
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Procedural pain in neonates has been a concern in the last two decades. The purpose of this review was to provide a critical appraisal and a synthesis of the published epidemiological studies about procedural pain in neonates admitted to intensive care units. The aims were to determine the frequency of painful procedures and pain management interventions as well as to identify their predictors. ⋯ Painful procedures were performed frequently and often with inadequate pain management. Unlike neonate clinical factors, organizational factors may be modified to promote a context of care more favourable to pain management.
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There is emerging evidence that primary dysmenorrhoea (PDM) is associated with altered brain function and structure. However, few studies have investigated changes in regional cortical thickness and subcortical volumes in PDM patients. The purpose of this study was to characterize differences in both cortical thickness and subcortical volumes between PDM patients and healthy controls (HCs). ⋯ These findings provide further evidence for grey matter changes in patients with PDM, and in addition, the results support relationships between the structural abnormalities and their role in symptom production. All these results are likely to be potential valuable to provide us with direct information about the neural basis of PDM.