European journal of pain : EJP
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Qigong versus exercise therapy for chronic low back pain in adults - A randomized controlled non-inferiority trial.
The value of qigong in the treatment of chronic low back pain is unclear. In a randomized controlled trial, we evaluated whether qigong is non-inferior to exercise therapy in patients with chronic low back pain. ⋯ Qigong was not proven to be non-inferior to exercise therapy in the treatment of chronic low back pain. Its role in the prevention of chronic low back pain might be addressed in further studies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Out of sight, but not out of mind? Greater reported pain in patients who spontaneously look away during venepuncture.
Various external factors can influence patients' experiences of noxious stimuli, but little is known of how patients' natural behaviour may be relevant. We ascertained how often patients spontaneously look or look away during venepuncture and associated reports of pain during a previously reported experimental randomized study. The study was conducted in the outpatient department of a U.K. district general hospital. ⋯ Almost three quarters of patients spontaneously look away during venepuncture, but their pain ratings are almost twice that of the quarter of patients who look. It is unclear why this may be, but previous experimental studies indicate that observing the body when a noxious stimulus is applied can have an analgesic effect.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Impact of a stepwise protocol for treating pain on pain intensity in nursing home patients with dementia: A cluster randomized trial.
Pain is frequent and distressing in people with dementia, but no randomized controlled trials have evaluated the effect of analgesic treatment on pain intensity as a key outcome. ⋯ Pain medication significantly improved pain in the intervention group, with indications that acetaminophen also improved ADL function.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
The MOBID-2 pain scale: Reliability and responsiveness to pain in patients with dementia.
Mobilization-Observation-Behavior-Intensity-Dementia-2 (MOBID-2) pain scale is a staff-administered pain tool for patients with dementia. This study explores MOBID-2's test-retest reliability, measurement error and responsiveness to change. ⋯ The SEM and SDC in connection with the MOBID-2 pain scale indicate that the instrument is responsive to a decrease in pain after a SPTP. Satisfactory test-retest reliability across test periods was demonstrated. Change scores ≥ 3 on total and subscales are clinically relevant and are beyond measurement error.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of immediate-release opioid on memory functioning: a randomized-controlled study in patients receiving sustained-release opioids.
The effects of opioid medication on cognitive functioning in patients with cancer and non-cancer pain remain unclear. ⋯ These results suggest that carefully titrated immediate-release doses of opioid drugs may not cause extensive memory impairment as previously reported, and in fact, may improve memory in certain circumstances. Importantly, our findings contrast strikingly with those of a study using the same robust design that showed significant memory impairment. We propose that factors, such as depressive symptoms, education level and sustained-release opioid levels may influence whether impairment is observed following immediate-release opioid treatment.