Critical care : the official journal of the Critical Care Forum
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Diaphragm weakness induced by prolonged mechanical ventilation may contribute to difficult weaning from the ventilator. Hypercapnia is an accepted side effect of low tidal volume mechanical ventilation, but the effects of hypercapnia on respiratory muscle function are largely unknown. The present study investigated the effect of hypercapnia on ventilator-induced diaphragm inflammation, atrophy and function. ⋯ Hypercapnia partly protects the diaphragm against adverse effects of mechanical ventilation.
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To date, there are insufficient data demonstrating the benefits of preclinically administered Ringer-lactate (RL) for the treatment of hemorrhagic shock following trauma. Recent animal experiments have shown that lactate tends to have toxic effects in severe hemorrhagic shock. This study aimed to compare the effects of RL administered in a rat model of severe hemorrhagic shock (mean arterial blood pressure (MAP): 25 to 30 mmHg) and moderate hemorrhagic shock (MAP: 40 to 45 mmHg). ⋯ The preclinical use of RL for volume replacement has different effects depending on the severity of hemorrhagic shock. RL exhibits detrimental effects in cases of severe shock, whereas it has pronounced protective effects in cases of moderate shock.