Critical care : the official journal of the Critical Care Forum
-
Multicenter Study Observational Study
External validation of the modified sepsis renal angina index for prediction of severe acute kidney injury in children with septic shock.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs commonly in pediatric septic shock and increases morbidity and mortality. Early identification of high-risk patients can facilitate targeted intervention to improve outcomes. We previously modified the renal angina index (RAI), a validated AKI prediction tool, to improve specificity in this population (sRAI). Here, we prospectively assess sRAI performance in a separate cohort. ⋯ Prediction of severe AKI in pediatric septic shock is important to improve outcomes, allocate resources, and inform enrollment in clinical trials examining potential disease-modifying therapies. The sRAI affords more accurate and specific prediction than context-free SCr elevation or the original RAI in this population.
-
Multicenter Study
Positive single-center randomized trials and subsequent multicenter randomized trials in critically ill patients: a systematic review.
It is unclear how often survival benefits observed in single-center randomized controlled trials (sRCTs) involving critically ill patients are confirmed by subsequent multicenter randomized controlled trials (mRCTs). We aimed to perform a systemic literature review of sRCTs with a statistically significant mortality reduction and to evaluate whether subsequent mRCTs confirmed such reduction. ⋯ Mortality reduction shown by sRCTs is typically not replicated by mRCTs. The findings of sRCTs should be considered hypothesis-generating and should not contribute to guidelines.
-
Recent clinical and research efforts in cardiogenic shock (CS) have largely focussed on the restoration of the low cardiac output state that is the conditio sine qua non of the clinical syndrome. This approach has failed to translate into improved outcomes, and mortality has remained static at 30-50%. There is an unmet need to better delineate the pathobiology of CS to understand the observed heterogeneity of presentation and treatment effect and to identify novel therapeutic targets. ⋯ In this state-of-the-art review, we outline the rationale for considering molecular subtypes of CS. We describe how high-dimensional molecular technologies can be used to identify these subtypes, and whether they share biological features with sepsis and other critical illness states. Finally, we propose how the identification of molecular subtypes of patients may enrich future clinical trial design and identification of novel therapies for CS.
-
Prone position has been shown to improve oxygenation and survival in patients with early acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). These beneficial effects are partly mediated by improved ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) distribution. Few studies have investigated the impact of early versus delayed proning on V/Q distribution in patients with ARDS. The aim of this study was to assess the regional ventilation and perfusion distribution in early versus persistent ARDS after prone position. ⋯ Prone position significantly reduced V/Q mismatch in patients with early ARDS, while it increased V/Q mismatch in persistent ARDS patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05207267, principal investigator Ling Liu, date of registration 2021.08.20).