Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Brain Activity and Clinical Outcomes in Adults With Depression Treated With Synchronized Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: An Exploratory Study.
Synchronized transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) imparts low-amplitude magnetic stimulation matched to each patient's individual alpha frequency. It may act through entrainment of brain oscillations. ⋯ Neurophysiologic measures suggest that active but not sham sTMS engages brain targets, and that target engagement is related to treatment outcome.
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Chronic pain (CP) affects a significant number of patients following hernia repair, ranging from 11 to 54% in the literature. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, overall costs, and health care utilization associated with CP after hernia repair. ⋯ Our study demonstrates the prevalence of CP after hernia surgery to be nearly 20%, with significantly increased costs and healthcare resource utilization. While current treatment paradigms are effective for many, there remains a large number of patients that could benefit from an overall approach that includes nonopioid treatments, such as potentially incorporating neurostimulation, for CP that presents posthernia repair.
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Transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) has recently been demonstrated to modulate cortical excitability and perceptual functions in humans, however, the effect of tSMS on motor behavior is still unknown. We investigated whether tSMS over the primary motor cortex (M1) alters voluntary ballistic force control. ⋯ tSMS over M1 can impair the accuracy of submaximal ballistic pinch force control. This suggests that tSMS is strong enough to alter motor behavior in humans.
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Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) is a long-term complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation (DRGS) has recently emerged as a neuromodulation modality in the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of burst DRGS (Burst-DRGS) and conventional DRGS (Con-DRGS) in an experimental model of PDPN. ⋯ Under the conditions tested, Con-DRGS and Burst-DRGS are equally effective in attenuating STZ-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in an animal model of PDPN. Burst-DRGS showed signs of a residual effect at 15 min after cessation of stimulation, which requires further investigation.
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Non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the motor cortex is broadly investigated to modulate functional outcomes such as motor function, sleep characteristics, or pain. The most common montages that use two large electrodes (25-35 cm2 ) placed over the area of motor cortex and contralateral supraorbital region (M1-SO montages) require precise measurements, usually using the 10-20 EEG system, which is cumbersome in clinics and not suitable for applications by patients at home. The objective was to develop and test novel headgear allowing for reproduction of the M1-SO montage without the 10-20 EEG measurements, neuronavigation, or TMS. ⋯ The novel approach to M1-SO montage using a fixed-angle headgear not requiring measurements by patients or caregivers facilitates tDCS studies in home settings and can replace cumbersome C3 measurements for clinical tDCS applications.