Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of three sedation regimens for drug-induced sleep endoscopy.
Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) allows for direct airway observation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. This study compared the safety profiles and efficacies of three regimens for DISE. ⋯ The propofol-remifentanil combination was associated with a higher incidence of desaturation. The dexmedetomidine-remifentanil combination was associated with inadequate sedation in one half of the patients, even though it produced less respiratory depression. Addition of remifentanil reduced the cough reflex.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Obstructive sleep apnea: no independent association to troponins.
Cardiac troponins (cTn) are to date the most sensitive and specific biochemical markers of myocardial injury. Abnormal breathing patterns in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may cause myocardial cell stress detectable by novel cTn assays. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether a new single-molecule cTnI (S-cTnI) assay and a commercially available high-sensitivity cTnT (hs-cTnT) assay would detect myocyte injury in individuals evaluated for possible OSA, and to explore their relation to variables of disordered breathing during sleep. ⋯ This study reveals no association independent of conventional predictors between OSA and myocardial cell injury measured by S-cTnI and hs-cTnT assays. Our findings support a search for novel biomarkers for prognostication of OSA.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Functional short- and long-term effects of nasal CPAP with and without humidification on the ciliary function of the nasal respiratory epithelium.
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold standard in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but its impact on ciliary function is unclear to date. Furthermore, CPAP is associated with numerous side effects related to the nose and upper airway. Humidified CPAP is used to relieve these symptoms, but again, little is known regarding its effect on ciliary function of the nasal respiratory epithelium. ⋯ Independent of airway humidification, nCPAP has moderate effects on short-term ciliary function of the nasal respiratory epithelium. However, a significant increase in ciliary function-both in terms of an increased CBF and a decreased MTT-was detected after long-term use. The effect was more pronounced when humidification was used during nCPAP.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Endothelial function is well preserved in obese patients with mild obstructive sleep apnea.
Endothelial dysfunction is one of the early markers of cardiovascular complications in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of our study was to evaluate whether overweight patients with mild OSA displayed endothelial dysfunction, and to assess the effect of 1-year lifestyle intervention with an early very low calorie diet in endothelial function. ⋯ Mild OSA was not observed to be associated with endothelial dysfunction. Although in mild OSA endothelial function is still preserved, lifestyle intervention with weight reduction did achieve an improvement in other obesity-related risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, thus highlighting the importance of early intervention.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Stage-matched intervention for adherence to CPAP in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of stage-matched intervention on adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. ⋯ Stage-matched intervention could not only facilitate intention formation and enhance treatment self-efficacy but significantly improve CPAP adherence in OSA patients for the 3-month treatment.