Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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To summarize the current knowledge on vitamin D with a special focus on critically ill patients. ⋯ To date, it is not clear whether vitamin D deficiency is a surrogate marker for increased morbidity or whether treatment with sufficiently large doses of vitamin D may improve patient outcome in an intensive care setting.
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To summarize the properties of thiamine and evaluate current evidence on thiamine status and supplementation, for different populations of critically ill patients. ⋯ Symptoms and signs associated with thiamine deficiency lack sensitivity and specificity in critically ill patients. Consequently, depletion is frequently unrecognized and underdiagnosed by clinicians. Potentially deleterious consequences of thiamine depletion should be avoided by early and appropriate supplementation.
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Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care · Nov 2011
ReviewCurcuma as a functional food in the control of cancer and inflammation.
Several nutritional compounds are the focus of public attention because of their potential beneficial health effects. Turmeric is a spice that comes from the root Curcuma longa. Extensive research over the past half century and especially in recent years has revealed important functions of curcumin and a timely review of clinical state-of-the-art using curcumin. ⋯ Various in-vitro and in-vivo and scarce number of clinical studies on curcumin were identified. The various effects and properties of curcumin are summarized in this review, including preclinical and especially clinical studies. This review concentrates on recent knowledge and research with curcumin clinical applications, and clinical studies, focusing on studies published between 2008 and 2011 demonstrating the gap between preclinical and clinical research.
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To highlight recent developments relating perioperative fluid therapy to gastrointestinal function by reviewing clinically pertinent English language articles mainly from January 2010 to March 2011. ⋯ In planning strategies of fluid therapy, the possibility of adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract should be considered, as this is likely to have an impact on fluid and electrolyte balance and postoperative outcome.
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Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care · Sep 2011
ReviewPerioperative nutritional management in digestive tract surgery.
This article reviews the recent research on perioperative nutrition in digestive tract surgery in the light of modern perioperative care principles, that is, enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). Four major directions of research emerge: detecting malnutrition, perioperative hyperglycemia/insulin resistance, enteral/parenteral nutrition and immunonutrition. ⋯ To reduce surgical stress, insulin resistance, unnecessary protein losses and postoperative complications, the use of an ERAS protocol is important. Current data shows that the use of perioperative immunonutrition diets for major abdominal surgery is beneficial. Further research on nutritional assessment tools to predict who is at risk for postoperative complications is needed.