Journal of clinical monitoring and computing
-
J Clin Monit Comput · Jun 2015
Case ReportsFall in inspired oxygen and anaesthetic agent concentrations during change of soda lime absorber.
Following an episode of reduction in inspired oxygen concentration (FiO(2)) and inhalational agent concentration (Fi agent) during the changing of a soda lime absorber, We conducted an in vitro experiment to understand the impact of disconnection of the absorber on inspired gas dilution at different fresh gas flows. We found that both in Dräger Fabius GS and Primus anaesthesia work stations, disconnection of the absorber caused progressive reduction in FiO(2) and Fi agent as the FGF was decreased. The operating principle of fresh gas decoupling (FGD) valve is a potential source of this complication, which must be kept in mind while changing the soda lime during the course of surgery where an anaesthetic work stations utilizing FGD valves are used.
-
J Clin Monit Comput · Jun 2015
Observational StudyCan short-term heart rate variability be used to monitor fentanyl-midazolam induced changes in ANS preceding respiratory depression?
Opioids have an occasional but high-risk side effect of respiratory depression. The detection of critical respiratory depression usually occurs after the event. Earlier detection would be beneficial in preventing increased morbidity and mortality of 0.01 % patients receiving analgesic opioids. ⋯ No significant change before critical respiratory events was observed in traditional, spectral power, respiratory or other indices. One index, PolVar20, indicated a burst of sympathetic activity preceding respiratory depression similar to sleep apnoea arousals that restore airway patency. Before its usefulness in early detection of airway tone can be determined, PolVar20 requires further work: a statistical method for highly skewed distributions, auto adjustment for baseline variability, and detecting a range of sympathetic responses to apnea.
-
J Clin Monit Comput · Jun 2015
Increasing signal processing sophistication in the calculation of the respiratory modulation of the photoplethysmogram (DPOP).
DPOP (∆POP or Delta-POP) is a non-invasive parameter which measures the strength of respiratory modulations present in the pulse oximetry photoplethysmogram (pleth) waveform. It has been proposed as a non-invasive surrogate parameter for pulse pressure variation (PPV) used in the prediction of the response to volume expansion in hypovolemic patients. Many groups have reported on the DPOP parameter and its correlation with PPV using various semi-automated algorithmic implementations. ⋯ Through increasingly advanced pre-processing and post-processing enhancements to the algorithm, the correlation coefficient between DPOP and PPV improved from a baseline value of R = 0.347 to R = 0.852 for the stable data set, and, correspondingly, R = 0.225 to R = 0.728 for the more challenging global data set. Marked gains in algorithm performance are achievable for manually selected stable regions of the signals using relatively simple algorithm enhancements. Significant additional algorithm enhancements, including a correction for low perfusion values, were required before similar gains were realised for the more challenging global data set.
-
J Clin Monit Comput · Jun 2015
The ability of the Vigileo-FloTrac system to measure cardiac output and track cardiac output changes during one-lung ventilation.
This study was aimed at comparing the cardiac output (CO) measured by the Vigileo™-FloTrac™ system with that estimated by the thermodilution pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) during one-lung ventilation (OLV) and determining the reliability of this system in tracking phenylephrine-induced CO changes during OLV. Sixteen patients scheduled for descending aorta replacement were enrolled. The study was performed 30 min after starting OLV under stable hemodynamic conditions. ⋯ Four-quadrant plot analysis showed a concordance rate of 24.7 %, while polar plot analysis showed that the concordance rate was 13.3 %; the angular bias, -45.9°; radial limit of agreement, 85.3°. The bias between APCO and ICO was significantly correlated with the SVRI value (p < 0.001, r(2) = 0.822). The reliability of the Vigileo™-FloTrac™ system during OLV to estimate CO and track phenylephrine-induced CO changes was not acceptable.