Journal of science and medicine in sport
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To compare pressure pain threshold (PPT) around the knee (local hyperalgesia) and at a site remote to the knee (widespread hyperalgesia) between female runners with and without patellofemoral pain (PFP); and to evaluate the relationship between running volume, self-reported knee function and PPT measures. ⋯ Lower PPTs locally and remote to the knee in female runners with PFP indicate the presence of local and widespread hyperalgesia. Additionally, this hyperalgesia, which is related to self-reported knee function, appears to be increased by greater running volumes. Development and evaluation of non-mechanical interventions for the management of running-related PFP in females may be needed to address this apparent hyperalgesia.
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To characterize the clinical utility of Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3) baseline and normative reference values for the assessment of acute concussion; and to identify the sensitivity of each SCAT3 subcomponent to the acute effects of concussion. ⋯ SCAT3 league normative values were as sensitive as individual baseline scores during day-of-injury assessments. Symptoms were the most sensitive post-concussion component of the SCAT3.
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To assess the effect of mid-flight trunk flexion and extension on the movements of body segments and lower extremity joints and subsequent landing mechanics during a jump-landing task. ⋯ Mid-flight trunk extension resulted in body postures that predisposed individuals to land with increased knee extension and varus moments and decreased knee flexion angles, which are indirectly associated with increased ACL loading. These findings may help to understand altered trunk motion during certain ACL injury events and provide information for developing jump-landing training strategies.
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To determine the age- and sex-specific differences of physical fitness performances and Body Mass Index (BMI) in basic training and the operational Army. ⋯ Gaps in cardiorespiratory and muscular performances between men and women should be addressed through targeted physical training programs that aim to minimize physiological differences.
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Physical education (PE) plays an important role in contributing to students' physical activity (PA); however, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) within PE is lower than recommended. Little is known about the PA levels of students from disadvantaged schools within PE. This study aimed to describe: (i) the PA levels of students from disadvantaged secondary schools during PE lessons, (ii) the lesson context and teacher interactions occurring during PE, and (iii) the associations between teacher, school or PE lesson characteristics with student physical activity levels in PE. ⋯ PA during PE lessons within disadvantaged secondary schools is below international recommendations. Male teachers, more experienced teachers and schools in urban regions teach more active lessons.