Surgical infections
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Surgical infections · Feb 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialRandomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of effects of enteral iron supplementation on anemia and risk of infection during surgical critical illness.
Critical illness is characterized by hypoferremia, iron-deficient erythropoiesis (IDE), and anemia. The relative risks and benefits of iron supplementation in this setting are unknown. ⋯ Enteral iron supplementation of anemic, critically ill surgical patients does not increase the risk of infection and may benefit those with baseline IDE by decreasing the risk of RBC transfusion. A trial comparing enteral and parenteral iron supplementation in this setting is warranted (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00450177).
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Surgical infections · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialPharmacoeconomics of ciprofloxacin plus metronidazole vs. piperacillin-tazobactam for complicated intra-abdominal infections.
A series of 459 hospitalized adults with complicated intra-abdominal infections participated in a randomized, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial. The present study was conducted to add a pharmacoeconomic analysis to the results. ⋯ The mean hospital costs associated with ciprofloxacin-metronidazole were similar to those of piperacillin-tazobactam for the treatment of adults with complicated intra-abdominal infections. Lower costs were documented for patients able to be switched to oral antibiotics and for patients with appendicitis.
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Surgical infections · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparative costs of ertapenem and cefotetan as prophylaxis for elective colorectal surgery.
The costs of treating surgical site infections can be considerable. There is a cost associated with the prophylactic use of antibiotics; however, the use of prophylactic agents may reduce infection rates and lengths of stay, thus offsetting the overall treatment cost and potentially generating cost savings to hospitals. This project was intended to determine the potential cost impact of using ertapenem 1 g vs. cefotetan 2 g as prophylaxis for elective colorectal surgery. ⋯ Ertapenem used in prophylaxis for elective colorectal operations results in a lower rate of surgical site infection and a shorter average length of stay than cefotetan. The calculated net difference in prophylactic antibiotic drug and hospital costs represents a saving of $2,181 per patient with ertapenem relative to cefotetan.
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Surgical infections · Apr 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEffect of body mass index and ertapenem versus cefotetan prophylaxis on surgical site infection in elective colorectal surgery.
The effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in the prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) after elective colorectal surgery is dependent on many factors, including the body mass index (BMI) of the patient. In this study, the association of BMI and type of antibiotic prophylaxis with SSI was evaluated in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. ⋯ In patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery, the incidence of SSI, specifically superficial incisional SSI, was higher in patients with a BMI > or = 30 kg/m2, regardless of the prophylactic antibiotic given. Ertapenem prophylaxis was more effective than cefotetan in the prevention of SSI at any BMI.
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Surgical infections · Feb 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyRandomized, multicenter, double-blind study of efficacy, safety, and tolerability of intravenous ertapenem versus piperacillin/tazobactam in treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections in hospitalized adults.
Complicated intra-abdominal infections are a common problem in surgical practice. This study compared the effectiveness of ertapenem (1 g qd) and piperacillin/tazobactam (3.375 g q6h) in the treatment of these infections. ⋯ Ertapenem was non-inferior to piperacillin/tazobactam in the cure of intra-abdominal infections caused by susceptible pathogens. Both study drugs generally were well tolerated.