Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
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Studies testing novel tobacco products often provide participants with free product and assess consumption. Some, but not all, studies find that providing free cigarettes increases smoking. We tested changes in smoking when free cigarettes were provided to nondaily, intermittent smokers, who constitute one-third of US adult smokers. ⋯ The study shows that providing nondaily smokers with free cigarettes increases cigarette consumption, but does differentially for different subgroups and cigarette types, while also decreasing smoking intensity. This suggests the value of using free-cigarette baseline data in studies where interventions provide free cigarettes.
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Comparative Study
Examining Daily Electronic Cigarette Puff Topography Among Established and Nonestablished Cigarette Smokers in their Natural Environment.
Understanding exposures and potential health effects of e-cigarettes is complex. Users' puffing behavior, or topography, affects function of e-cigarette devices (eg, coil temperature) and composition of their emissions. Users with different topographies are likely exposed to different amounts of any harmful or potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs). In this study, we compare e-cigarette topographies of established cigarette smokers and nonestablished cigarette smokers. ⋯ A user's topography affects his or her exposure to HPHCs. As this study demonstrates, user characteristics, such as level of smoking, can influence topography. Thus, it is crucial to understand the topography profiles of different user types to assess the potential for population harm and to identify potentially vulnerable populations. This study only looked at topography of cigarette smokers using disposable e-cigarettes. Further research is needed to better understand potential variation in e-cigarette topography and resulting exposures to HPHCs among users of different e-cigarette devices and liquids.
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The Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) is the global standard for systematically monitoring adult tobacco use and tracking key tobacco control indicators. ⋯ This study provides national-level data about tobacco use and its burden and also indicates weak implantation of tobacco control laws. There is need to devise a strategy for proper implementation of these laws to reduce the tobacco burden in the country.
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The present study investigated the associations between smoking, pain, and opioid consumption in the 3 months after major surgery in patients seen by the Transitional Pain Service. Current smoking status and lifetime pack-years were expected to be related to higher pain intensity, more opioid use, and poorer opioid weaning after surgery. ⋯ In a population with complex postsurgical pain, smoking was associated with greater pain intensity at 1 month after major surgery and less opioid weaning 3 months after surgery. Smoking may be an important modifiable risk factor for pain intensity and opioid use after surgery.