Adv Exp Med Biol
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An increasing number of web resources are available for aiding in proteomics research. Databases contain repositories of proteins and associated information. ⋯ This chapter contains a selection of web sites useful for proteomics analyses but is by no means comprehensive. Using a search engine such as Google is the easiest way to find the sites using the name given below.
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Review
Tandem Mass Spectrum Sequencing: An Alternative to Database Search Engines in Shotgun Proteomics.
Protein identification via database searches has become the gold standard in mass spectrometry based shotgun proteomics. However, as the quality of tandem mass spectra improves, direct mass spectrum sequencing gains interest as a database-independent alternative. In this chapter, the general principle of this so-called de novo sequencing is introduced along with pitfalls and challenges of the technique. The main tools available are presented with a focus on user friendly open source software which can be directly applied in everyday proteomic workflows.
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Cannabis is the most widely smoked illicit substance in the world. It can be smoked alone in its plant form, marijuana, but it can also be mixed with tobacco. The specific effects of smoking cannabis are difficult to assess accurately and to distinguish from the effects of tobacco; however its use may produce severe consequences. ⋯ Heavy use of cannabis on its own can cause airway obstruction. Based on immuno-histopathological and epidemiological evidence, smoking cannabis poses a potential risk for developing lung cancer. At present, however, the association between smoking cannabis and the development of lung cancer is not decisive.
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Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are important biochemical processes for regulating various signaling pathways and determining specific cell fate. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has been developed extensively in the past decade and is becoming the standard approach for systematic characterization of different PTMs on a global scale. ⋯ With great effort in recent years by the proteomics community, highly efficient enriching methods and comprehensive resources have been developed. This chapter will specifically focus on five major types of PTMs; phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination/sumosylation, acetylation, and methylation.
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Comparative Study
Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygenation During Induction of General Anesthesia with Sevoflurane Versus Propofol.
Sevoflurane and propofol are widely used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. Although the effects of sevoflurane and propofol on cerebral hemodynamics during maintenance of general anesthesia have been demonstrated, the effects during induction of general anesthesia have still not been clarified. We therefore compared changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygenation (CBO) during induction of anesthesia using sevoflurane (group S: n=9) or propofol (group P: n=9). ⋯ We found that oxy-Hb, total-Hb, and TOI were significantly higher in group S than in group P (P>0.05). Changes in deoxy-Hb, MBP, and HR did not differ between the groups. The results of the present study demonstrated that sevoflurane increases CBF and CBO during induction of general anesthesia.