J Trauma
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Although brain cooling has been reported to be effective in improving the outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats, the mechanisms of brain cooling-induced neuroprotective actions remain unclear. This study was to test whether angiogenesis and neurogenesis attenuating TBI could be brain cooling stimulated. ⋯ Brain cooling-stimulated angiogenesis and neurogenesis attenuated a fluid percussion TBI in rats.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Monoaxial versus polyaxial screw insertion in angular stable plate fixation of proximal humeral fractures: radiographic analysis of a prospective randomized study.
Monoaxial and polyaxial screw insertion are used in angular stable plating of displaced proximal humeral fractures. Aim of the study was to compare both fixation techniques by radiographic evaluation. ⋯ Monoaxial and polyaxial screw insertion allow for mechanical stabilization in angular stable plating of unstable proximal humerus fractures. Radiographic evidence of secondary varus displacement of > 10-degree angle and screw cut out was seen similarly often in both fixation techniques. To avoid secondary varus displacement and screw cut out, restoration of a humeral head-shaft angle of > 130 degrees seems to be important in monoaxial and polyaxial fixation of proximal humeral fractures.
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We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics and treatment of maxillofacial injuries in the patients who were victims of the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008 to improve the maxillofacial injuries database and provide reference on patients' treatment after earthquake. ⋯ Our analysis of the characteristics of maxillofacial injuries after the Wenchuan earthquake may improve our emergency treatment procedures in future disaster situations.
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Individuals hospitalized after physical trauma are at heightened risk for mental disorders. We examined prevalence rates of both posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression at 6 and 12 months in a sample of 677 individuals experiencing different types of trauma who were representative of physical trauma survivors hospitalized in Los Angeles County trauma centers. Demographic and injury-related risk factors for these disorders were also evaluated. ⋯ Key demographic and injury characteristics may enhance identification of at-risk trauma survivors who would benefit from targeted screening, patient education, and early intervention efforts.
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Intraabdominal vascular injury (IAVI) as a result of penetrating and blunt trauma carries a high mortality rate. This study was performed to compare current mortality rates with a previously reported historic control. ⋯ Although over 20 years have passed, no significant changes have occurred in the mortality associated with IAVI. Patients presenting in shock with IAVI continue to have a high mortality rate.