J Trauma
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Reviewing the current literature, very few reports are given on simultaneous bilateral radial head and neck fractures. There are no reports on this entity's incidence. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence and outcome of simultaneous bilateral radial head fractures. ⋯ Reviewing the literature, the frequency of this injury was assessed for the first time. An incidence of 1.48% of all radial head fractures was explored. Our material was representative and included 2,296 injuries covering a 15-year period.
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Existing experimental approaches for studies of blast impact in small animals are insufficient and lacking consistency. Here, we present a comprehensive model, with repeatable blast signatures of controlled duration, peak pressure, and transmitted impulse, accurately reproducing blast impact in laboratory animals. ⋯ The proposed model of controlled nonpenetrating blast in rats demonstrates the critical pathologic and biochemical signatures of blast brain injury that may be triggered by cerebrovascular responses, including blood-brain barrier disruption, glia responses, and neuroglial alterations.