J Trauma
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The purpose of this study was to identify which age-related groups of hemodynamically stable blunt trauma patients will present a positive cost-to-benefit ratio, in regard to the screening of incidental findings on Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST). ⋯ A systematic examination of the liver and biliary tree and both kidneys of specific age groups during FAST screening of hemodynamically stable blunt trauma patients may disclose a potentially unknown pathology with a positive cost-to-benefit ratio.
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Inflicted traumatic brain injury associated with Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) is a leading cause of injury mortality and morbidity in infants. A triple-dose SBS prevention program was implemented with the aim to reduce the incidence of SBS. The objectives of this study were to describe the epidemiology of SBS, the triple-dose prevention program, and its evaluation. ⋯ SBS is a devastating intentional injury that often results in poor outcomes for the child. Implementing a triple-dose prevention program that provides education on crying patterns, coping strategies, and the dangers of shaking is key to SBS prevention. The program increased knowledge. Parents rated the program as useful. The media campaign allowed us to extend the primary prevention beyond new parents to help create a cultural change in the way crying, the primary trigger for SBS, is viewed. Targeting our intervention increased the likelihood that our message was reaching the population in greatest need.
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Comparative Study
Variations in bone mineral density of proximal femora of elderly people with hip fractures: a case-control analysis.
Bone mass as represented by bone mineral density (BMD) is the most important factor determining bone strength. Elderly people with and without hip fractures were compared with the BMD of the proximal femora. The correlation between hip fractures in elderly patients and osteoporosis was investigated. ⋯ The severity of osteoporosis may affect the risk of hip fractures in elderly people. The risk of intertrochanteric fractures may be determined simply by BMD, but the risk of femoral neck fractures may be determined by multiple factors. Intertrochanteric fractures may start at the greater trochanter due to its low BMD.
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Comparative Study
Accidental and intentional perpetration of serious injury or death: correlates and relationship to trauma exposure.
The pernicious individual and societal effects of exposure to violence highlight the importance of understanding factors related to trauma perpetration. Little research has investigated the phenomenon of accidental perpetration of serious injury and death, or considered the relationship between perpetration and trauma exposure. ⋯ Findings suggest that accidental, as well as intentional, perpetration of serious injury or death frequently occurs in the context of trauma and violence. Both types of perpetration are related to psychopathology. Potential mechanisms underlying the relationship between trauma exposure, psychopathology, and perpetration are discussed. Further research is needed to elucidate pathways from trauma exposure to perpetration and mental disorder.