J Trauma
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Comparative Study
Prothrombin complex concentrate versus recombinant factor VIIa for reversal of hemodilutional coagulopathy in a porcine trauma model.
Fluid resuscitation after traumatic injury may necessitate coagulation factor replacement to prevent bleeding complications of dilutional coagulopathy. Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) is being widely investigated as a hemostatic agent in trauma. Multicomponent therapy with prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) containing coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X might offer potential advantages. ⋯ In a pilot study involving an in vivo large-animal model of spleen trauma, PCC accelerated hemostasis and augmented thrombin generation compared with rFVIIa. Further investigations are warranted on PCC as a hemostatic agent in trauma.
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The diagnosis of acute lung injury (ALI) is based on a consensus clinical definition. Despite the simplicity of this definition, ALI remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. Severe trauma is a well-described cause of ALI that represents a relatively homogeneous subset of patients with ALI. The aims of this study were to develop a panel of plasma biomarkers to facilitate diagnosis of trauma-induced ALI and to enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of human ALI. ⋯ A model using seven plasma biomarkers had a high diagnostic accuracy in differentiating patients with trauma-induced ALI from trauma patients without ALI. In addition, use of a panel of biomarkers provides insight into the likely importance of alveolar epithelial injury in the pathogenesis of early ALI.
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We have previously demonstrated that induction of profound hypothermia improves long-term survival in animal models of complex injuries/lethal hemorrhage. However, the precise mechanisms have not been well defined. The aim of this high-throughput study was to investigate the impact of profound hypothermia on gene expression profiles. ⋯ Profound hypothermia increases survival in a rodent model of hemorrhagic shock. In addition to decreasing tissue oxygen consumption, induction of hypothermia directly alters the expression profiles of key genes, with an overall up-regulation of pro-survival pathways and a down- regulation of metabolic pathways.