J Trauma
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: Recent media and political attention have focused on a "rising tide" of youth violence and alcohol-related problems in Scotland. Facial injuries in Scotland are most commonly sustained as a result of interpersonal violence, and young men are a high risk group for facial injuries. Facial injuries are known to be associated with alcohol consumption but the sociodemographic determinants are not fully known. ⋯ : The role of poverty as the major determinant of alcohol-related facial injuries has thus far not been explicitly acknowledged. Interventions to change behavior alone are unlikely to succeed unless they are supported by measures designed to improve socioeconomic circumstances and to reduce socioeconomic inequalities.
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: Current abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) models rely on intraperitoneal instillation of fluid, air, and other space-occupying substances. Although this allows for the study of the effects of increased abdominal pressure, it poorly mimics its pathogenesis. We have developed the first reported large animal model of ACS incorporating hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation. ⋯ : We have created the first reported physiologic animal ACS model incorporating hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation and the effects of damage control surgery.
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: Tree stands have remained popular among hunters because of the increased vantage point for the hunter. Although stand styles vary, the typical stand is very minimalistic in design, comprising a seat and an area for the hunter to place his feet. Although there have been studies using state trauma registry data, to date, there has not been a study on the epidemiology of tree stand-related injuries in the national population. ⋯ : Although a majority of hunters are older, the highest rates occurred among the younger ones. Hunters using and manufacturers of tree stands must be aware of the safety precautions during use of the stands. Improvements in the safety design of the stands as well as knowledge to the proper use of stands can help to minimize the burden of injury in the hunter population related to tree stands.
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: Trauma-hemorrhagic shock (T/HS) has been associated with multiorgan dysfunction, including bone marrow failure. This study examined apoptosis and morphologic alterations in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) with different volume therapies after T/HS. ⋯ : Intravascular volume replacement with HES showed prevention of BMMNC apoptosis at first 48 hours after T/HS compared with RL and ALB. These findings provide new insights into the intervention mechanism of HES on T/HS-related multiorgan dysfunction.
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Therapeutic mild hypothermia: effects on coagulopathy and survival in a rat hemorrhagic shock model.
: To determine the effects of therapeutic hypothermia on coagulation parameters during hemorrhagic shock (HS) and fluid resuscitation and on survival, in a rat HS model. ⋯ : Therapeutic mild hypothermia of 33 degrees C did not cause coagulopathy during HS, but did impair SA coagulation parameters during fluid resuscitation, probably because of dilution. Hypothermia also prolonged survival after HS. Impairments to coagulation parameters did not worsen outcomes in the rat HS model.