J Trauma
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Blunt cerebrovascular injury is poorly predicted by modeling with other injuries: analysis of NTDB data.
Traumatic blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) may portend catastrophic complications if untreated. Who should be screened for BCVI is controversial. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a prediction score (pBCVI) to identify those at sufficient risk to warrant dedicated screening. ⋯ A model based on a pattern of other injuries cannot be used as a stand-alone instrument to determine screening for BCVI. "Optimal" model cut-points are not ideal for all injuries. Clinical suspicion that integrates energy of mechanism and associated injuries remains essential to effectively screen for BCVI and minimize patient risk for a catastrophic missed injury.
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There are many clinical decision rules for adults with minor head injury, but it is unclear how they compare in terms of diagnostic accuracy. This study aimed to systematically identify clinical decision rules for adults with minor head injury and compare the estimated diagnostic accuracies for any intracranial injury and injury requiring neurosurgical intervention. ⋯ The most widely researched decision rule is the CCHR, which has consistently shown high sensitivity for identifying injury requiring neurosurgical intervention with an acceptable specificity to allow considered use of cranial computed tomography. No other decision rule has been as widely validated or demonstrated as acceptable results, but its exclusion criteria make it difficult to apply universally.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
The outcome of surgically treated femur fractures associated with long-term bisphosphonate use.
Bisphosphonates (BPs) evolved as the mainstay for the treatment of osteoporosis, reducing the incidence of fractures. Recently several publications described the occurrence of low-energy subtrochanteric and femoral shaft fractures associated with long-term BP use. The aim of this study was to describe the outcome of surgically treated femur fractures associated with prolonged BP use. ⋯ BP-related fractures are a recently described phenomenon. Despite initial osteoporosis, the DEXA scan may appear outside the osteoporotic range for the femoral neck in these patients. In addition, a much higher failure rate with intramedullary nailing requiring revision surgery may occur with these patients.
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Comparative Study
Burn Specific Health up to 24 months after the Burn-A prospective validation of the simplified model of the Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief.
Outcome after burn injury is a multidimensional concept, but few multidimensional, injury-specific outcome measures have been psychometrically evaluated. A recent cross-sectional study using the Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief (BSHS-B) found three psychometrically sound health domains: function, skin involvement, and affect and relations. The aim of this study was to reexamine the psychometric properties of the BSHS-B using a prospective study design. ⋯ The psychometric properties of the BSHS-B domains were excellent and they had intelligible concurrent associations with other measures. Thus, the simplified model of the BSHS-B is a reliable, valid, and useful tool in describing postburn health over time.
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The purpose of this case series was to review the management of burn patients who requested ultrarapid opioid detoxification under anesthesia after extended duration of narcotic use for chronic pain related to burn injury. ⋯ The results of ultrarapid opioid detoxification under anesthesia suggests that it is safe and effective for treating opioid addiction in military burn casualties when a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach is used. Safety and effectiveness to date validate current practice and supports incorporation into clinical practice guidelines. Further clinical research is warranted to identify those patients who may benefit most from detoxification and to determine the timing of such treatment.