Cancer
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
A pilot study of hepatic artery floxuridine combined with systemic 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin. A potential adjuvant program after resection of colorectal hepatic metastases.
Most patients with colorectal carcinoma metastatic to the liver have relapses after surgical resection of hepatic metastases with failures divided equally between hepatic and extrahepatic sites. A pilot study was begun using a regimen combining intrahepatic floxuridine (FUDR) and systemic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) to determine its safety and efficacy. ⋯ Systemic 5-FU and LV can be combined safely with intraarterial FUDR without loss of efficacy or increased biliary toxicity. Eight patients treated with this regimen as adjuvant therapy after liver metastasis resection were alive and disease-free after a median follow-up of 23 months.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study-II.
Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS)-II, (1978-1984) had the general goals of improving the survival and treatment of children with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). ⋯ Combining all Groups and treatments in IRS-II, the major improvement in S rate at 5 years between studies was in nonmetastatic patients (71% for IRS-II versus 63% for IRS-I, P = 0.01).
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A randomized trial of accelerated hyperfractionated radiation therapy and bis-chloroethyl nitrosourea for malignant glioma. A preliminary report of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 83-02.
The third and final randomization of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 83-02 was performed to identify the maximal tolerated dose and potential efficacy of accelerated hyperfractionated radiation therapy (AHRT) in 1.6 Gy twice-daily fractions for adult malignant glioma. ⋯ The maximum tolerated dose of AHRT has yet to be identified, and pursuit of this information may most benefit patients with malignant glioma who are 60 years of age or older.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Phase III double-blind comparison of intravenous ondansetron and metoclopramide as antiemetic therapy for patients receiving multiple-day cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
Ondansetron hydrochloride is a selective serotonin subtype 3 (5HT3) receptor antagonist that has been shown to be an effective antiemetic in patients receiving cisplatin chemotherapy. ⋯ Ondansetron is superior to metoclopramide as antiemetic therapy for multiple-day cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and American Joint Committee on Cancer staging systems among patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving hyperfractionated radiation therapy. A report of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group protocol 83-11.
Since 1973, the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) has staged and stratified patients in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) protocols according to the RTOG staging system. In 1985, the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) revised its lung cancer staging system, with the principle differences from the RTOG system being the staging of involvement of the chest wall and of contralateral mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. To determine if the AJCC system discriminated outcome differently than the RTOG system in a nonoperative series, all 850 evaluable patients treated with hyperfractionated radiation therapy (RT) on the RTOG protocol 83-11 were restaged by the AJCC system. ⋯ When AJCC Stage IIIA (348 patients) was divided into the patients without chest wall invasion (RTOG Stage II/III) and those with (RTOG Stage IV), a difference in 2-year survival of 22% versus 10% was observed (P = 0.002). Although both staging systems independently predict for survival, a fusion of both staging systems is the most discriminating of outcome. Future nonoperative studies in locally advanced NSCLC should stratify for contralateral nodal involvement (per AJCC staging) and chest wall invasion (per RTOG staging).