Clin Cancer Res
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Anastrozole versus tamoxifen treatment in postmenopausal women with endocrine-responsive breast cancer and tamoxifen-induced endometrial pathology.
To investigate the effect of switching from adjuvant tamoxifen to anastrozole (Arimidex) treatment in postmenopausal women with endocrine-responsive breast cancer and histologically proven tamoxifen-induced benign endometrial pathology. ⋯ Switching from tamoxifen to anastrozole treatment significantly reduced the need for a second hysteroscopy and D&C due to recurrent vaginal bleeding or thickening of the endometrium in postmenopausal breast cancer patients with tamoxifen-induced endometrial abnormalities.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A study of the biological receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand inhibitor, denosumab, in patients with multiple myeloma or bone metastases from breast cancer.
Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) is essential for the differentiation, function, and survival of osteoclasts, which play a key role in establishment and propagation of skeletal disease in patients with multiple myeloma or bone metastases as well as many other skeletal diseases. Denosumab (AMG 162), a fully human monoclonal antibody to RANKL, was developed to treat patients with skeletal diseases. ⋯ A single s.c. dose of denosumab given to patients with multiple myeloma or bone metastases from breast cancer was well tolerated and reduced bone resorption for at least 84 days. The decrease in bone turnover markers was similar in magnitude but more sustained than with i.v. pamidronate.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Anastrozole as an adjuvant endocrine treatment for postmenopausal patients with breast cancer: emerging data.
The Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination (ATAC) trial compared the efficacy and safety of anastrozole versus tamoxifen versus the combination as initial adjuvant treatment for early breast cancer in over 9,000 postmenopausal women. Analyses at 33 and 47 months median follow-up showed that anastrozole significantly prolonged disease-free survival and time to recurrence and reduced the incidence of contralateral breast cancer compared with tamoxifen. Results of the completed treatment analysis at 68 months median follow-up confirmed the earlier findings, showing that the absolute difference in disease-free survival continued to increase beyond completion of treatment. ⋯ This model suggests that using an aromatase inhibitor as initial adjuvant therapy is a better option than switching to an aromatase inhibitor after >/=2 years of tamoxifen. The relative toxicities of the three approved third-generation aromatase inhibitors, anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, are discussed. These data suggest that long-term safety profiles may differ between aromatase inhibitors, although comprehensive comparative data for letrozole and exemestane versus tamoxifen are lacking.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
MOPPEBVCAD chemotherapy with limited and conditioned radiotherapy in advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma: 10-year results, late toxicity, and second tumors.
MOPPEBVCAD (mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone, epidoxirubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, lomustine, doxorubicin, and vindesine) chemotherapy with limited radiotherapy was devised in 1987 to reduce late toxicity and second tumor incidence while trying to improve effectiveness through increases of dose intensity and dose density. Late results, toxicity, and second tumor incidence were reviewed in all the patients treated. ⋯ Clinical response and long-term results are very satisfactory, whereas the second tumor incidence was lower than would have been expected with MOPP analogues. Given its response/late toxicity balance, MOPPEBVCAD does not undermine the leading role of ABVD as first-line regimen but can be indicated as a very effective second-line conventional therapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Food and Drug Administration Drug approval summary: temozolomide plus radiation therapy for the treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme.
On March 15, 2005, the U. S. Food and Drug Administration approved temozolomide (Temodar capsules, Schering-Plough Research Institute) for the treatment of adult patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme concomitantly with radiotherapy and then as maintenance treatment. ⋯ The hazard ratio was 0.63 (95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.75; log-rank, P < 0.0001). Median survival was 14.6 months (temozolomide + radiotherapy) versus 12.1 months (radiotherapy alone). Adverse events during temozolomide treatment included thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation, alopecia, headache, fatigue, and convulsions.