Int J Clin Exp Patho
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Int J Clin Exp Patho · Jan 2014
Clinical significance of NQO1 polymorphism and expression of p53, SOD2, PARP1 in limited-stage small cell lung cancer.
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of highly aggressive cancers with poor prognosis. Unfortunately, there are as yet no molecular targets that can be exploited to prolong survival in patients with SCLC. This study aimed to investigate possible molecular markers associated with prognosis in limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). ⋯ PARP1 expression is correlated with longer progression-free survival in LS-SCLC requiring further studies to clarify the precise role of PARP1 and the relevance of PARP1-targeted therapy.
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Int J Clin Exp Patho · Jan 2014
Preoperative serum CA19-9 levels is an independent prognostic factor in patients with resected hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
To investigate the appropriate cutoff point of CA19-9 for prognosis and other potential prognostic factors that may affect survival of patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC) after radical surgery. 168 patients who had undergone radical surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma and resultant macroscopic curative resection (R0 and R1) were discreetly selected for analyses. Categorized versions were used in univariate model to determine the appropriate cutoff point of CA19-9. ⋯ In univariate analysis, tumor size, Bismuth-Corlette classification, portal vein invasion, Lymph node metastasis, resection margin and preoperative CA19-9 levels were identified as significant prognostic factors. In multivariable analysis, lymph node metastasis, resection margin and preoperative CA19-9 levels were independent prognostic factors. our results demonstrated that preoperative CA19-9 levels was also an independent prognostic factor for hilar cholangiocarcinoma, and the most discriminative cutoff point of CA19-9 for prognosis proved to be at 150 U/ml.
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Int J Clin Exp Patho · Jan 2014
Alveolar epithelial cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis display upregulation of TRAIL, DR4 and DR5 expression with simultaneous preferential over-expression of pro-apoptotic marker p53.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, debilitating, and fatal lung disease of unknown aetiology with no current cure. The pathogenesis of IPF remains unclear but repeated alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) injuries and subsequent apoptosis are believed to be among the initiating/ongoing triggers. However, the precise mechanism of apoptotic induction is hitherto elusive. ⋯ Cell cycle regulatory proteins Cyclin D1 and SOCS3 were significantly enhanced in AEC within the remodelled fibrotic areas of IPF lungs but expression was negligible in myofibroblasts. Taken together these findings suggest that, within the remodelled fibrotic areas of IPF, AEC can display markers associated with proliferation, senescence, and apoptotosis, where TRAIL could drive the apoptotic response. Clear understanding of disease processes and identification of therapeutic targets will direct us to develop effective therapies for IPF.
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Int J Clin Exp Patho · Jan 2014
Case ReportsSpindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma of the retroperitoneum: an unusual case developed in a pregnant woman but obscured by pregnancy.
Spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an uncommon histiologic variant of RMS that has spindle cell morphology. This tumor occurs almost exclusively in childhood and more rarely in adults. Only a few adult cases, including two retroperitoneal cases in male patients, have been documented previously. ⋯ Other markers such as S100 protein, smooth muscle specific actin, CD34, cytokeratin, and epithelial membrane antigen were all negative in the tumor cells. On the basis of the findings, a spindle cell RMS was diagnosed. The neoplasm was incompletely excised because of encasement of major vessels and invasion to adjacent structures, and additional chemotherapy was given.
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Int J Clin Exp Patho · Jan 2014
Comparative StudyComparison of neuroendocrine differentiation and KRAS/NRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA/TP53 mutation status in primary and metastatic colorectal cancer.
Neuroendocrine differentiation of tumor tissue has been recognized as an important prerequisite for new targeted therapies. To evaluate the suitability of colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue for these treatment approaches and to find a possible link to pretherapeutic conditions of other targeted strategies, we compared neuroendocrine differentiation and KRAS/NRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA/TP53 mutational status in primary and metastatic CRC. Immunohistochemical expression analysis of neuroendocrine markers chromogranin A and synaptophysin was performed on archival CRC tissue, comprising 116 primary tumors, 258 lymph node metastases and 72 distant metastases from 115 patients. ⋯ Neuroendocrine differentiation was significantly less concordant than KRAS/NRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA/TP53 mutational status in primary tumor/lymph node metastases pairs (65% versus 88%-99%; P < 0.0001) and primary tumor/distant metastases pairs (64% versus 83%-100%; P = 0.027 and P < 0.0001, respectively). According to these data, therapeutic targeting of neuroendocrine tumor cells can be considered only for a subset of CRC patients and biopsies from the metastatic site should be used to guide therapy. A possible importance of lacking neuroendocrine differentiation for progression of KRAS mutant CRC should be further investigated.