Aviat Space Envir Md
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Jul 1983
Experiences in medical coverage of airport disasters at Logan International Airport in Boston.
Experiences in providing medical coverage for airport disasters at Logan International Airport (LIA) in Boston are presented from 1963-1982. The paper traces the history of the medical facility at LIA and describes the factors to be considered in planning disaster coverage at a major airport. It analyzes the aircraft accidents that have occurred at LIA using the type of accident as a guide for medical planning. ⋯ Various components of medical action, from the time of notification to rescue and triage, are presented discussing the need for each component. The Medical Action Flow chart and alternate schematic arrangements for rescue, triage, and evacuation are presented in sketches. The need for an overall Medical Command and the concepts of Primary Triage and Secondary Triage are explained.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Jun 1983
Review Comparative StudyA review of the literature concerning resuscitation from hypothermia: Part II--Selected rewarming protocols.
In Part I of this paper, a description of the problems confronted in resuscitation from immersion hypothermia was presented and the debate between passive and active rewarming approaches was summarized. In this paper, a review of the literature concerning selected specific rewarming protocols is given. The protocols considered are: peritoneal irrigation, gastrointestinal rewarming, extracorporeal blood rewarming, airway rewarming, and diathermy.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Dec 1982
The effects of rest and exercise in the cold on substrate mobilization and utilization.
The effects of altering skin and core temperature by cold exposure and exercise on substrate mobilization and utilization were examined. Six subjects between the ages of 22-27 years rested and exercised in neutral and cold environments to produce 1) a neutral core and neutral skin temperature, 2) a neutral core and cold skin temperature, and 3) a cold core and cold skin temperature. Free fatty acid (FFA), glucose (GL), Lactate (LA), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Hct) concentrations were measured along with heart rate (HR), respiratory exchange ratio (R) and oxygen consumption (VO2) after 30, 60, and 90 min of exposure to each condition. ⋯ Plasma FFA concentration was also significantly elevated and R values were reduced during exercise when both Tsk and Tre were lowered compared to exercise in a neutral environment. No significant differences in substrate concentration, hemoconcentration, or R values were observed when Tsk alone was reduced at rest or during exercise. It is concluded that a preferential utilization of fat occurs during exercise in the cold when both Tsk and Tre are reduced compared to exercise in a neutral environment.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Oct 1982
A study of decision-making behavior of aircraft pilots deviating from a planned flight.
This paper outlines an investigation into the worth structures of pilots facing a deviation from a planned flight. A "paper and pencil" simulation was used to frame the situation into which pilots interjected their own decision-making skills in a simple ranking of candidate diversion airports with varying locational, navigational aid, radar, and weather attributes. ⋯ Systematic differences in the worth functions of the pilots were not found as a result of dividing the pilot sample according to any measure of flight hours' experience. However, differences were found when the pilot sample was grouped according to grade of pilot certificate, type of pilot training, and type of flying most commonly done.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Feb 1982
Comparative StudyA study of treadmill exercise protocols for Chinese males.
Treadmill stress testing currently is used in screening for coronary artery disease. Maximal oxygen consumption is the best index of work capacity and maximal cardiovascular function. Clinically, there are many exercise protocols being utilized, including Bruce, Kattus, Balke, Naughton, and Chinese Air Force (CAF). ⋯ The regression equation of oxygen consumption and duration was: Y (ml/kg/min) = 1.26X (min) + 26.3. The CAF protocol is a safe, reproducible, easily performed method with moderate exercise duration. We confirm its advantages and prefer to select this protocol to serve as a routine screening or clinical method for use in testing Chinese people.