Metabolism: clinical and experimental
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Review Meta Analysis
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease increases risk of incident chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Recent studies examined the prognostic impact of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the extent to which NAFLD may confer risk of incident CKD is uncertain. We performed a meta-analysis of relevant studies to quantify the magnitude of the association between NAFLD and risk of incident CKD. ⋯ This largest and most updated meta-analysis to date shows that NAFLD (detected by biochemistry, fatty liver index or ultrasonography) is associated with a nearly 40% increase in the long-term risk of incident CKD. However, the observational nature of the eligible studies does not allow for proving causality. Our findings pave the way for future large, prospective, histologically-based studies.
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Review Meta Analysis
Leisure-time physical activity and incident metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) has been suggested to reduce risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, a quantitative comprehensive assessment of the dose-response association between LTPA and incident MetS has not been reported. We performed a meta-analysis of studies assessing the risk of MetS with LTPA. ⋯ Our findings provide quantitative data suggesting that any amount of LTPA is better than none and that LTPA substantially exceeding the current LTPA guidelines is associated with an additional reduction in MetS risk.
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Review Meta Analysis
Adipokine levels during the first or early second trimester of pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review.
We aimed to systematically review available literature linking adipokines to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) for a comprehensive understanding of the roles of adipokines in the development of GDM. ⋯ Adiponectin levels in the first or second trimester of pregnancy are lower among pregnant women who later develop GDM than non-GDM women, whereas leptin levels are higher. Well-designed prospective studies with longitudinal assessment of adipokines during pregnancy are needed to understand the trajectories and dynamic associations of adipokines with GDM risk.
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Review Meta Analysis
Adiponectin is associated with increased mortality in patients with already established cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The overall quantitative estimate on the possible association of adiponectin concentrations with mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has not been reported. ⋯ Our results showed that increased baseline plasma adiponectin levels are significantly associated with elevated risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in subjects with CVD. These positive associations may have been amplified by adjustment for potential intermediates or residual confounding, and their basis requires further investigation.
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Review Meta Analysis
Efficacy of lifestyle interventions in reducing diabetes incidence in patients with impaired glucose tolerance: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Every year over 3.8 million people are dying of diabetes and its complications. Lifestyle intervention was suggested to have beneficial effects in preventing and reducing diabetes incidence. Interventions in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), who belong to a high risk group in developing diabetes, are supposed to be especially effective. According to the evidence hierarchy, a 1a level of evidence is missing and therefore a systematic review verifying the efficacy of lifestyle intervention is needed. ⋯ Under consideration of heterogeneity in lifestyle interventions and follow up time of the included studies, this systematic review illustrated that lifestyle intervention can have a beneficial effect on the incidence of diabetes in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. However, several studies found the effect of lifestyle intervention decreased after intervention was terminated. No long-term benefit in mortality and morbidity was found. Development of standardized lifestyle intervention program is strongly needed and further long-term intervention trials using this program are crucial in evidencing the long-term efficacy.