The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Aug 2020
ReviewObesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and Infertility: A New Avenue for GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.
Obesity is responsible for an increased risk of sub-fecundity and infertility. Obese women show poorer reproductive outcomes regardless of the mode of conception, and higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with poorer fertility prognosis. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the leading causes of infertility, and many women with PCOS are also overweight or obese. ⋯ The weight loss effects of GLP-1 RA offer a unique opportunity to expand the treatment options available to PCOS patients.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Aug 2020
ReviewEvolving Evidence of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Patients Taking Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors.
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have emerged as an important class of blood glucose-lowering medications, due to cardiovascular, metabolic, and renal benefits. However, there is a small but significant risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) associated with their use. ⋯ SGLT2i are an excellent class of drug in the physician's toolkit for managing type 2 diabetes. However, both clinicians and patients must be aware of the potential for DKA and the need for increased monitoring, both clinically and biochemically, when potential precipitating factors are present. In acutely unwell patients, these medications should be withheld to reduce the risk of DKA.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Aug 2020
ReviewOsteoporosis in Premenopausal Women: A Clinical Narrative Review by the ECTS and the IOF.
Consensus regarding diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in premenopausal women (PW) is still lacking due to few studies carried out in this population. ⋯ The majority of PW with osteoporosis have an underlying disease. Specific therapy of these diseases, as well as antiresorptive and anabolic drugs, improve BMD, but without evidence of fracture reduction.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Aug 2020
Observational StudyHeterozygous Deletions in MKRN3 Cause Central Precocious Puberty Without Prader-Willi Syndrome.
Loss-of-function mutations in the imprinted genes MKRN3 and DLK1 cause central precocious puberty (CPP) but whole gene deletions have not been reported. Larger deletions of the chromosome 15q11-13 imprinted locus, including MKRN3, cause Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). CPP has been reported in PWS but is not common, and the role of MKRN3 in PWS has not been fully elucidated. ⋯ We identified 2 cases of whole gene deletions of MKRN3 causing isolated CPP without PWS. This is the first report of complete deletions of MKRN3 in patients with CPP, emphasizing the importance of including copy number variant analysis for MKRN3 mutation testing when a genetic diagnosis is suspected. We speculate that there is a critical region of the PWS locus beyond MKRN3, MAGEL2, and NDN that is responsible for the PWS phenotype.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jul 2020
Role of Endocannabinoids in Energy-Balance Regulation in Participants in the Postobese State-a PREVIEW Study.
Endocannabinoids are suggested to play a role in energy balance regulation. ⋯ In energy balance, only the endocannabinoid 2-AG changed in relation to protein level of the diet, whereas the endocannabinoid AEA and endocannabinoid-related compounds OEA and PEA reflected the gradual energy intake matching energy expenditure during the day.