The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jul 2012
Are women with thicker cortices in the femoral shaft at higher risk of subtrochanteric/diaphyseal fractures? The study of osteoporotic fractures.
Femoral shaft cortical thickening has been mentioned in reports of atypical subtrochanteric and diaphyseal (S/D) femur fractures, but it is unclear whether thickening precedes fracture or results from a preceding stress fracture and what role bisphosphonates might play in cortical thickening. ⋯ In primarily bisphosphonate-naive women, we found no evidence that thick femoral cortices placed women at higher risk for low-energy S/D femur fractures; in fact, the opposite was true. Women with thin cortices were also at a higher risk for femoral neck and intertrochanteric fractures. Whether cortical thickness among bisphosphonate users plays a role in atypical S/D fractures remains to be determined.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jun 2012
Detection of hypomethylation syndrome among patients with epigenetic alterations at the GNAS locus.
Genomic imprinting is the modification of the genome so that genes from only one (rather than two) of the parental alleles are expressed. The mechanism underlying imprinting is epigenetic, occurring via changes in DNA methylation and histone modifications rather than through alterations in the DNA sequence. To date, nine different imprinting disorders have been clinically and genetically identified and a considerable research effort has been focused on determining the cause of the corresponding methylation defects. ⋯ Our work suggests that a trans-acting gene regulating the establishment or maintenance of imprinting at GNAS locus, if it exists, should be specific to PHP cases caused by epigenetic defects at GNAS.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jun 2012
Hedonic eating is associated with increased peripheral levels of ghrelin and the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol in healthy humans: a pilot study.
Hedonic hunger refers to consumption of food just for pleasure and not to maintain energy homeostasis. In this condition, the subject eats also when not in a state of short-term energy depletion, and food is consumed uniquely because of its gustatory rewarding properties. The physiological mechanisms underlying this eating behavior are not deeply understood, but endogenous rewarding mediators like ghrelin and endocannabinoids are likely involved. ⋯ The present preliminary findings suggest that when motivation to eat is generated by the availability of highly palatable food and not by food deprivation, a peripheral activation of two endogenous rewarding chemical signals is observed. Future research should confirm and extend our results to better understand the phenomenon of hedonic eating, which influences food intake and, ultimately, body mass.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jun 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyTreatment of vitamin D insufficiency in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease: a randomized clinical trial comparing three regimens.
Vitamin D insufficiency [serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration less than 20 ng/ml] is prevalent among children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and its treatment has not been studied. ⋯ Oral doses of 2,000 IU vitamin D(3) daily and 50,000 IU vitamin D(2) weekly for 6 wk are superior to 2,000 IU vitamin D(2) daily for 6 wk in raising serum 25OHD concentration and are well-tolerated among children and adolescents with IBD. The change in serum PTH concentration did not differ among arms.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jun 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialProspective follow-up of novel markers of bone turnover in persistent asthmatics exposed to low and high doses of inhaled ciclesonide over 12 months.
In asthmatic patients receiving long-term inhaled corticosteroid therapy, there are concerns regarding the potential for developing systemic adverse effects on bone metabolism, possibly even in the absence of adrenal suppression. ⋯ Higher doses of inhaled ciclesonide do not adversely affect sensitive markers of bone turnover in persistent asthmatics over 12 months.