Kardiologiya
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Comparative Study
[Arterial stiffness in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease in the presence and absence of ischemic heart disease].
Aim of the study was assessment of arterial stiffness in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) with or without ischemic heart disease (IHD). We included in this open study 130 COPD patients older than 40 years (mean age 60.2+/-8.3 years). Patients with clinical signs of exacerbation of other severe chronic diseases were not included. ⋯ Tensioclinic arteriograph was used for evaluation of arterial wall stiffness. The study revealed increase of pulse wave propagation velocity associated with elevation of augmentation indexes in COPD patients both with and without IHD as well as in patients with different degrees of 10-year risk of cardiovascular death. These changes can be considered as systemic manifestations of COPD possibly underlining interrelationships between COPD and cardiovascular diseases.
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Comparative Study
[Diurnal blood pressure profiles in night shift workers with incipient changes of blood pressure level].
Aim. To study diurnal blood pressure profiles (DBPP) during work in different time of the day including nocturnal hours in persons with initial stages of blood pressure (BP) increase or decrease. Material and methods. ⋯ Patients with elevated BP and trend to BP elevation (beginning with higher normal BP) had reduced nocturnal BP lowering, particularly of diastolic BP. Its diurnal profile was clearly of night-peaker type. The main feature of DBPP in patients with hypotension was absence of evening BP rise characteristic for persons with normal BP and hypertension.
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The article contains short characteristics of 6 novel European guidelines on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and accounts of main scientific sessions (Hot Line, Clinical Trial and Registry Update) of the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2012.
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The analysis of the evidence that formed the basis for the current guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) on oral therapy by antithrombotic drugs for acute coronary syndromes (ACS), and a comparison with the U. S. guidelines. The ESC guidelines, published during 2011-2012, declared the superiority of prasugrel and ticagrelor over clopidogrel in patients with ACS without ST elevation and myocardial infarction (MI) with ST elevation. ⋯ In contrast, the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, published in 2012-2013, are more balanced, conservative and present evidence-based outlook, suggesting no proven extra benefit of one P2Y12 antagonist over the other(s). The ESC guidelines regarding the findings of the superiority of prasugrel or ticagrelor over clopidogrel are overly optimistic and not always evidence-based. A small frequency of clinical use of prasugrel and ticagrelor in the world in general and Europe in particular, suggests a discrepancy between the traditionally appointed treatment and published ESC guidelines.