Ginekol Pol
-
Most pregnant women have little interest in thinking about the prospect of death. Mortality related to the pregnancy itself is rare, occurring in an estimated 1 of every 30 000 deliveries. Although cardiopulmonary arrest rarely occurs in pregnant women, it is important that the health care team knows the appropriate actions to take in such an event, to promote positive outcomes for both mother and fetus. ⋯ As in all emergency care, knowledge must precede the crisis rather than await it. Second, indications for PMCD have broadened considerably since 1980s, and the procedure may attain a more prominent role in the future. We believe that prompt cesarean delivery is the key to maternal and infant survival in such cases.
-
Review Case Reports
[Delayed delivery in multiple gestations--a case report and review of the literature].
The incidence of multiple pregnancies increases with concomitant increased risk in maternal and fetal complications. Delayed delivery is still a rare occurrence in the literature despite advances in reproductive medicine and increasing number of multiple gestations. Authors report a case of delayed delivery in a dichorionic, diamniotic twin pregnancy. ⋯ The baby was discharged home in good condition on the 64th day after the delivery. The conclusion was, that using tocolysis, antenatal steroids to stimulate lung maturation, antibiotics and cervical cerclage after delivery of the first fetus we can improve the life-expectancy of the retained fetus. Delayed delivery is a reasonable option for patients with multifetal pregnancies and premature delivery of the first baby or preterm rupture of membranes in the second trimester.
-
Obstetrical brachial plexus palsy (OBP) complicates a small proportion of births. The incidence is believed to be 0.35 to 5 cases per 1000 live births. Risk factors of OBP included: 1/ large birth weight, 2/ shoulder dystocia and prolonged second stage of labour , 3/ instrumental vaginal delivery (forceps delivery, vacuum extraction), 4/ diabetes mellitus and mother's obesity, 5/ breech presentation, 6/ delivery an infant with OBP in an antecedent delivery. ⋯ Intrauterine factors may play some role in the etiology of the OBP. Many strategies have been proposed to prevent the occurrence of OBP--control of the birth weight, induction of labour, cesarean delivery, intensified management of gestational diabetes. About 10-20% of patients with injuries of the brachial plexus require surgical intervention for optimal results.
-
Both chronic hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and pregnancy-induced hypertension are the main causes of morbidity and mortality of mothers and fetuses. The great significance in the prevention of serious complications of them has properly pharmacology treatment. One of the most early and the most often used drug is Methyldopa--a drug from the group acting via central nervous system, causing the depression in the cardio-vascular system.
-
Hypothermia is one of the most important factors having an influence on morbidity of the newborns. Physiology of neonatal thermoregulation and thermogenesis is described as well as range of methods used for preventing heat loss and maintaining neutral temperature. An article presents the main reasons of limited thermogenesis in prematures, ways of heat loss and consequences resulting from decreased or increased newborns temperature. Special attention was put on routine care of infants within delivery room, intensive care units, during neonatal transportation and on procedures necessary to avoid hypothermia or overheating of preterm infants.