The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jun 2014
Comparative StudyParental history of adenotonsillectomy is associated with obstructive sleep apnea severity in children with snoring.
To test the hypothesis that history of adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy (AT) in at least 1 of the parents during childhood, is a risk factor for moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] >5 episodes/hour) in the offspring with snoring. ⋯ Among children with snoring who are referred for polysomnography by primary care physicians, those with tonsillar hypertrophy and parental history of AT have increased risk of moderate-to-severe OSA and represent 1 of the subgroups that should be prioritized for a sleep study in settings with limited resources.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jun 2014
Comparative StudyTracheomegaly in infants with severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia treated with fetal endoluminal tracheal occlusion.
To measure and evaluate the effects of tracheal dimensions on survival and ventilation in a large series of infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) treated antenatally with fetal endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO). ⋯ FETO has a significant impact on tracheal size of infants with CDH; however, tracheal size does not affect survival or the requirement for early respiratory support.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jun 2014
Comparative StudySurfactant deficiency in infants with severe acute viral bronchiolitis.
To evaluate surfactant content and function through the lamellar body count (LBC) and stable microbubble test (SMT) in mechanically ventilated infants with severe acute viral bronchiolitis. ⋯ Infants with acute viral bronchiolitis have reduced surfactant content and function. We speculate that these simple tests may be useful to identify infants with bronchiolitis who would benefit from surfactant replacement therapy.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jun 2014
Utility of head computed tomography in children with a single extremity fracture.
To determine the clinical and forensic utility of head computed tomography (CT) in children younger than 2 years of age with an acute isolated extremity fracture and an otherwise-negative skeletal survey. ⋯ In young children who present with an isolated extremity fracture, clinicians should consider obtaining head CT in those who are younger than 12 months of age, have proximal extremity fractures, or who have previous evaluations for nonaccidental trauma. Evaluation with head CT in children without these risk factors may be low yield.