European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology
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Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. · May 1993
ReviewUpdate on epidural analgesia during labor and delivery.
Properly administered epidural analgesia provides adequate pain relief during labor and delivery, shortens the first stage of labor, avoids adverse effects of narcotics, hypnotics, or inhalation drugs and it could be used as anesthesia in case a cesarean section is required. Epidural analgesia should be provided to all patients who need and ask for it with an exception of contraindications such as coagulation disorders, suspected infection or gross anatomic abnormality. ⋯ Supplementation of an opioid (mainly fentanyl) and introduction of the patient controlled epidural pump may not only serve this goal, but also reduce the demands on the time of obstetric anesthetists. We conclude that properly and skillfully administered epidural is the best form of pain relief during labor and delivery and we hope that more mothers could enjoy its benefits.
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Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. · Dec 1991
ReviewInvasive hemodynamic monitoring in pregnancy.
Invasive hemodynamic monitoring is indicated in the critically ill pregnant or postpartum patient, whose hemodynamic state cannot be reliably determined by clinical observation and noninvasive methods. In addition, precise hemodynamic information must be indispensable to determine and monitor treatment. Complications of central hemodynamic monitoring using the Swan-Ganz catheter appear to be rare in experienced hands. To maintain and expand the necessary skills and experience, invasive hemodynamic monitoring should be centralized in obstetric intensive care units.