The American journal of clinical nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
The effects of perioperative probiotic treatment on serum zonulin concentration and subsequent postoperative infectious complications after colorectal cancer surgery: a double-center and double-blind randomized clinical trial.
Zonulin is a newly discovered protein that has an important role in the regulation of intestinal permeability. Our previous study showed that probiotics can decrease the rate of infectious complications in patients undergoing colectomy for colorectal cancer. ⋯ Perioperative probiotic treatment can reduce the rate of postoperative septicemia and is associated with reduced serum zonulin concentrations in patients undergoing colectomy. We propose a clinical regulatory model that might explain this association. This trial was registered at http://www.chictr.org/en/ as ChiCTR-TRC-00000423.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Diet and exercise weight-loss trial in lactating overweight and obese women.
Current evidence suggests a combined treatment of postpartum weight loss of diet and exercise. However, to our knowledge, neither their separate and interactive effects nor long-term outcomes have been evaluated. ⋯ Dietary treatment provided clinically relevant weight loss in lactating postpartum women, which was sustained at 9 mo after treatment. The combined treatment did not yield significant weight or body-composition changes beyond those of dietary treatment alone.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effect of a phase advance and phase delay of the 24-h cycle on energy metabolism, appetite, and related hormones.
The disruption of the circadian system has been associated with the development of obesity. ⋯ The main effect of circadian misalignment, either phase advanced or phase delayed, is a concomitant disturbance of the glucose-insulin metabolism and substrate oxidation, whereas the energy balance or sleep is not largely affected. Chronically eating and sleeping at unusual circadian times may create a health risk through a metabolic disturbance. This trial was registered at the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/) as NTR2926.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
High-dose cholecalciferol reduces parathyroid hormone in patients with early chronic kidney disease: a pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Vitamin D deficiency contributes to secondary hyperparathyroidism, which occurs early in chronic kidney disease (CKD). ⋯ After 1 y, this oral cholecalciferol regimen was safe and sufficient to maintain serum 25(OH)D concentrations and prevent vitamin D insufficiency in early CKD. Furthermore, serum PTH improved after cholecalciferol treatment, particularly in patients who had secondary hyperparathyroidism.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Vitamin D, tuberculin skin test conversion, and latent tuberculosis in Mongolian school-age children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled feasibility trial.
By modulating immune function, vitamin D might increase innate immunity and inhibit the growth of initial bacterial invasion and protect against tuberculosis infection. ⋯ Vitamin D supplementation for 6 mo had significant favorable effects on serum 25(OH)D concentrations and on growth in stature. A trend was seen toward fewer TST conversions in the vitamin D group. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01244204.