The American journal of clinical nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Trace element supplementation after major burns increases burned skin trace element concentrations and modulates local protein metabolism but not whole-body substrate metabolism.
After major burns, patients exhibit an intense catabolism, and the wounds require surgery and grafting for closure. Complications, such as weight loss and delayed wound healing, are worsened by trace element (TE) deficiencies. ⋯ TE supplementation was associated with an increased skin tissue content of selenium and zinc and with a reduction in skin protein catabolism.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Community-level micronutrient fortification of a food supplement in India: a controlled trial in preschool children aged 36-66 mo.
Children participating in the Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) in India have high rates of iron and vitamin A deficiency. ⋯ A premix fortified with iron, vitamin A, and folic acid and added to supplementary food at the community level can be effective at increasing iron stores and reducing the prevalence of iron deficiency and anemia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Long-term effects of 2 energy-restricted diets differing in glycemic load on dietary adherence, body composition, and metabolism in CALERIE: a 1-y randomized controlled trial.
There remains no consensus about the optimal dietary composition for sustained weight loss. ⋯ These findings provide more detailed evidence to suggest that diets differing substantially in glycemic load induce comparable long-term weight loss.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of different macronutrients in excess on gastric sensory and motor functions and appetite in normal-weight, overweight, and obese humans.
The effects of supplementation with different macronutrients on gastric sensory and motor functions are unclear. ⋯ Supplementation with 500 kcal fat in excess of required calories for 2 wk increased food tolerance in healthy normal-weight and obese subjects with a high baseline MTV without significantly changing gastric motor functions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Palm and partially hydrogenated soybean oils adversely alter lipoprotein profiles compared with soybean and canola oils in moderately hyperlipidemic subjects.
Partially hydrogenated fat has an unfavorable effect on cardiovascular disease risk. Palm oil is a potential substitute because of favorable physical characteristics. ⋯ Palm and partially hydrogenated soybean oils, compared with soybean and canola oils, adversely altered the lipoprotein profile in moderately hyperlipidemic subjects without significantly affecting HDL intravascular processing markers.