The American journal of clinical nutrition
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Little information is available about the financial charges incurred by patients with short-bowel syndrome (SBS). This is particularly true for pediatric SBS patients who receive some of the most complex medical care. ⋯ This study was the first to calculate the total costs for pediatric SBS patients and to provide an in-depth analysis of these patients' actual utilization of health care services. This information may help guide health care providers and families who have children with SBS. The comprehensive care of pediatric SBS patients costs significantly more than has previously been estimated. Contrary to previous views, home care significantly increases each year after diagnosis.
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Research on trends in consumption of added sugar and high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) in the United States has largely focused on calorically sweetened beverages and ignored other sources. ⋯ Although increased intake of calories from HFCS is important to examine, the health effect of overall trends in added caloric sweeteners should not be overlooked.
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Malnutrition is common in the developing world and associated with disease and mortality. Because malnutrition frequently occurs among children in the community as well as those with acute illness, and because anthropometric indicators of nutritional status are continuous variables that preclude a single definition of malnutrition, malnutrition-attributable fractions of admissions and deaths cannot be calculated by simply enumerating individual children. ⋯ Despite global improvements, malnutrition still underlies half of the inpatient morbidity and mortality rates among children in rural Kenya. This contribution is underestimated by using conventional clinical definitions of severe malnutrition.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Dual fortification of salt with iodine and iron: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of micronized ferric pyrophosphate and encapsulated ferrous fumarate in southern India.
Dual fortification of salt with iodine and iron could be a sustainable approach to combating iodine and iron deficiencies. ⋯ Both DFSs were efficacious in reducing the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency in school-age children. Local salt characteristics should be taken into consideration when choosing an iron fortificant for DFS to achieve optimal iodine stability and color.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of 3 ad libitum diets for weight-loss maintenance, risk of cardiovascular disease, and diabetes: a 6-mo randomized, controlled trial.
The optimal dietary content and type of fat and carbohydrate for weight management has been debated for decades. ⋯ Diet composition had no major effect on preventing weight regain. However, both the LF and MUFA diets produced less body fat regain than did the control diet, and the dropout rate was lowest in the LF diet group, whereas fasting insulin decreased and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and ratio of LDL to HDL improved with the MUFA diet. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00274729.