Arzneimittel Forsch
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The antiarrhythmic, local anesthetic and acute local and systemic toxic effects of DL-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-pipecolinyl-2,6-dimethylanilide (AL-S-1249, droxicainide) and lidocaine were compared in animals. When given intravenously both substances suppressed ouabain-induced arrhythmias in pentobarbital-anesthetized guinea pigs; they were equipotent in this regard and had the same duration of antiarrhythmic action. ⋯ When given intravenously to unanesthetized mice and unanesthetized and pentobarbital-anesthetized rats, the LD50's for droxicainide were consistently higher than those for lidocaine. Since droxicainide has antiarrhythmic and local anesthetic properties that are quantitatively similar to lidocaine but local and systemic toxicity that is relatively weaker, its antiarrhythmic and local anesthetic actions merit further study.
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Arzneimittel Forsch · Jan 1981
Influence of biological fluids on the release of 125I from povidone-iodine.
A study on the influence of vaginal smear, blood cells and human plasma on the release of 125I from povidone-iodine was conducted. The total amounts of iodine released from povidone-iodine in presence of saliva and vaginal smear are 9.51% and 5.99%, respectively, as compared to 5.9 in normal saline solution. Blood cells and plasma were found to take up 54.2 and 80.1% of iodine released from povidone-iodine. The possible effect of these fluids on the antimicrobial activity of povidone-iodine is discussed.
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Arzneimittel Forsch · Jan 1981
The pharmacology of a new short-acting, non-depolarising muscle relaxant steroid (RGH-4201).
The actions of a new steroid 3alpha-pyrrolidino-17alpha-methyl-17alpha-aza-D-homo-5alpha-androstane-dimethobromide (RGH-4201) have been studied on the skeletal muscle, autonomic and cardiovascular systems in the conscious dog and in the anaesthetized cat and dog. In the cat and dog RGH-4201 exhibited a potent, non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking action that was rapid in onset and of short duration. RGH-4201 was equipotent with suxamethonium and chandonium as a neuromuscular blocking agent in the conscious dog but was 2-3 times less active in the anaesthetized cat. ⋯ In open-chest dog, neuromuscular paralysing dose of RGH-4201 did not cause haemodynamic changes. Duration of action of a medium-term neuromuscular blocking agent (pipecurium bromide) was not affected by a preliminary dose of RGH-4201. Pathological alterations were not found in conscious beagle dogs treated daily for 14 days with 100 and 500 microgram . kg-1 of RGH-4201, however, a transient elevation on heart rate occurred during the paralysis.