The Journal of psychology
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The Journal of psychology · Mar 2007
Development and validation of the Cognitive Telephone Screening Instrument (COGTEL) for the assessment of cognitive function across adulthood.
The authors introduce a screening instrument that assesses cognitive-function domains across adulthood over the telephone. The authors administered the Cognitive Telephone Screening Instrument (COGTEL) to 81 younger adults (M = 25.6 years) and 83 older adults (M = 66.9 years). Each participant completed the COGTEL twice, once over the telephone and once in a face-to-face assessment. ⋯ Moreover, age differences were not modulated by the form of administration. The distribution of COGTEL Total scores followed a Gaussian function, which prevents COGTEL from being limited by ceiling effects. The results provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the COGTEL to assess cognitive functioning in large-scale epidemiological studies, longitudinal studies, and clinical follow-up among healthy adults.
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The Journal of psychology · Jan 2007
Sadder but wiser or happier and smarter? A demonstration of judgment and decision making.
Researchers have debated whether positive or negative emotions will positively improve decision performance (B. Kuvaas & G. Kaufmann, 2004). ⋯ In Experiment 1, participants (N = 120) in positive emotional states (i.e., happier and smarter) were better at problem-focused coping than were participants with negative emotions (i.e., sadder but wiser). In Experiment 2, participants (N = 124) displayed greater accuracy of choice, took longer to research information, and processed a larger amount of information when they were in positive emotional states. The two experiments showed similar results between judgment and decision-making contexts in which positive emotion enhances problem solving.
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The Journal of psychology · Jan 2007
Actual and ideal conflict styles and job distress in a health care organization.
Employees (N = 176) of a large metropolitan health care corporation completed the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Inventory (TKI; K. W. Thomas & R. ⋯ Job distress did not correlate with actual or ideal conflict styles. However, participants whose actual conflict style matched their ideal conflict style reported lower distress, especially if they perceived a high level of destructive conflict in their work environment. Distress was also lowest for respondents in high managerial positions and respondents who had been in the organization for a short time.
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The Journal of psychology · Nov 2006
Relationships among burnout, job involvement, and organizational citizenship behavior.
R. Cropanzano, D. E. ⋯ Data were collected from 296 paired samples of service employees and their supervisors from 12 hotels and restaurants in Taiwan. Findings demonstrated that emotional exhaustion and diminished personal accomplishment were related negatively to OCB, whereas depersonalization had no independent effect on OCB. Job involvement mediated the relationships among emotional exhaustion, diminished personal accomplishment, and OCB.
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The Journal of psychology · Sep 2006
The relationships between justice perceptions, trust, and employee attitudes in a downsized organization.
The authors examined perceptions of distributive justice, procedural justice, trust, organizational commitment, organizational satisfaction, and turnover intentions among survivors in an organization that had recently completed an organizational downsizing. Results suggested that trust partially mediated the relationship between distributive justice and both organizational satisfaction and affective commitment. Additionally, the relationship between procedural justice and turnover intentions was mediated by trust perceptions.