J Geriatr Psych Neur
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J Geriatr Psych Neur · Sep 2011
Pittsburgh compound B-negative dementia: a possibility of misdiagnosis of patients with non-alzheimer disease-type dementia as having AD.
Amyloid imaging has been used to detect amyloid deposition in the brain. We performed Pittsburgh compound B (PiB)-positron emission tomography on 63 patients with dementia having cognitive decline or memory disturbance. In addition, we measured the patients' apolipoprotein E4 (apo E4) status and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of amyloid-β (Aβ)1-42, tau, and P-tau. ⋯ These results suggest that the PiB-negative patient group included not only AD patients but also non-AD-type dementia patients. However, our finding is based on a relatively small number of patients and therefore should be replicated in a larger cohort. In addition, it will be necessary to categorize these participants by longitudinal follow-up and postmortem pathological examinations.
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J Geriatr Psych Neur · Mar 2010
Association of apolipoproteins e4 and c1 with onset age and memory: a study of sporadic Alzheimer disease in Taiwan.
To identify clinical manifestations and neuropsychological effects of Alzheimer disease (AD) in apolipoprotein (ApoE) e4 carriers and to investigate the relationships between ApoE HhaI polymorphism and apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) HpaI polymorphism in Taiwanese patients with AD. ⋯ We conclude that the e4 allele affects neuropsychological performance and illness morbidity. Concomitantly, ApoE e4 and APOC1 A alleles have a better association with AD than ApoE e4 alone. In addition, APOC1 may partially contribute to the pathogenesis of AD, but the nature of its relationship with e4 requires further investigation.
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J Geriatr Psych Neur · Mar 2010
Occurrence risk and structure of depression in Parkinson disease with and without dementia: results from the GEPAD Study.
This study examined the age- and gender-specific risk of depression in demented and non-demented participants, its symptom structure, and associated clinical factors in a nationwide random sample of n = 1449 outpatients with Parkinson disease (PD). ⋯ Depression rates are already substantially elevated at early PD stages, emphasizing the need for a thorough examination of mood disorders in all patients with PD. Depression is associated with PD severity and dementia but not with age, age at onset of PD, or disease duration. The differential associations with dementia and the statistical independence of dementia and depression also suggest that depression could not be regarded as a mere demoralisation syndrome.
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J Geriatr Psych Neur · Mar 2010
Cognitive performance in nondemented nonpsychotic Parkinson disease patients with or without a history of depression prior to the onset of motor symptoms.
In Parkinson disease (PD), cognitive impairment is common, occurs mainly in the form of milder deficits (as opposed to dementia), and commonly coincides with depression. In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated whether depression that existed before the onset of typical motor symptoms (pre-PD depression) reflected on the actual cognitive performance. ⋯ Gradual multivariate and mediation analysis indicated unfavorable effects of pre-PD depression on cognition: a direct effect on mental set shifting/response inhibition (independent of actual depression/ anxiety or other factors); and indirect effects on other cognitive domains mediated through the increased depression/anxiety. Data suggest that pre-PD depression favors poorer cognitive abilities in nondemented patients at a given time after PD has been diagnosed.
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J Geriatr Psych Neur · Mar 2008
Neuropsychological correlates of self-reported depression and self-reported cognition among patients with mild cognitive impairment.
Patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) frequently experience significant depressive symptomatology and report cognitive disturbances. To date, no studies have examined the relationship between MCI patients' neuropsychologic functioning, self-reported depressive symptoms, and self-reported cognitive difficulties. ⋯ A subset of 41 patients and informants also completed a measure of cognitive difficulties. Poorer memory functioning was associated with fewer self-reported depressive symptoms and fewer cognitive complaints.