The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Feb 2021
EditorialPotential role of exosome-based allorecognition pathways involved in lung transplant rejection.
Innate and adaptive immunity both contribute to allorecognition mechanisms that drive rejection after lung transplantation. Classic allorecognition pathways have been extensively described, but there continues to be several unanswered questions. Exosome research appears to be a novel and potentially significant area of allorecognition research and could be the missing link that answers some existing questions. This article reviews literature that is associated with allorecognition pathways and the role of exosomes in alloreactivity.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Feb 2021
Impact of left ventricular ejection fraction on the outcomes of open repair of descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aneurysms.
To discern the impact of depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on the outcomes of open descending thoracic aneurysm (DTA) and thoracoabdominal aneurysms (TAAA) repair. ⋯ LVEF is not an independent predictor of adverse events in surgery for DTA.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Feb 2021
Incidence and impact of silent brain lesions after coronary artery bypass grafting.
Silent brain lesions are known to occur after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The aim of this study was to seek the incidence rate, the influence of procedures, and their impact on the postoperative course. ⋯ Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain frequently detected postoperative silent brain lesions after CABG in off-pump and aorta non-touch groups. Multiple and larger new brain lesions were associated with the development of POCD.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Feb 2021
Perfusate adsorption during ex vivo lung perfusion improves early post-transplant lung function.
Improvement in ex vivo lung perfusion protocols could increase the number of donors available for transplantation and protect the lungs from primary graft dysfunction. We hypothesize that perfusate adsorption during ex vivo lung perfusion reconditions the allograft to ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation. ⋯ Implementation of an additional cytokine adsorber has refined the standard ex vivo lung perfusion protocol. Furthermore, cytokine removal during ex vivo lung perfusion improved immediate post-transplant graft function together with a less intense inflammatory response to reperfusion in pigs. Further studies are warranted to understand the beneficial effects of perfusate adsorption during ex vivo lung perfusion in the clinical setting.